THE PEMBROKE CATTLE. 105 



The next, and by far the strongest instance of an 

 ancient white race of domestic cattle, comes from Wales ; 

 and it seems snch cattle were much more common than 

 elsewhere in Wales in the county of Pembroke. "It 

 appears," says Professor Low, " from various notices, 

 that a race of cattle similar to that which we now find 

 at Chillingham Park and elsewhere existed in Wales 

 in the twelfth century. . . The individuals of this 

 race yet existing in Wales are found chiefly in the 

 county of Pembroke. . . Until a comparatively re- 

 cent period they were very numerous ; and persons are 

 yet living who remember when they were driven in 

 droves to the pastures of the Severn and the neigh- 

 bouring markets." Notwithstanding every discourage- 

 ment — black being uniformly preferred by the breeders — 

 this white colour sometimes breaks out in the cattle of 

 that neighbourhood, and I have examined several single 

 white ones which have come down with large herds of 

 black ones from Pembrokeshire for the Northampton- 

 shire graziers. Some of these have a certain quantity of 

 black upon them, but some are nearly pure white, with 

 black ears, muzzle, eyes, tips of the horns and hoofs ; 

 and they have generally some strongly-marked small 

 black spots on the head, neck, and body; they have 

 not now, as formerly, red ears. They strongly resemble 

 the wild cow (those I have seen have been heifers) 

 in colour, but not at all in form, having reverted 

 to the ancient type in colour only. No one who had 

 seen the Chillingham or Chartley cows could detect any 

 resemblance, except in colour, and partially only in the 

 growth of the horns ; in other respects they were 

 unmistakably Welsh. 



" The earliest record of the Welsh white cattle with 



