“Marcu 5, 1887.] 
THE GARDENERS! 
CHRONICLE. 
"325 
pa this is the best of the manuals of practical 
botany, and we heartily thank Professor Hillhouse 
for rendering it available М the English student. 
OUTLINES OF CLASSIFICATION AND SPECIAL 
sey, and revised by 
J. В. Balfour, М. D. TOSS Classen edid 
volume is a translation from the text of 
Professor Goebel. Goebel himself revised and recast 
the second book of Sachs’ famous Le 
consequence the is certain 
usion, a want of system and 
ich embarass the чин of an older 
generation and prevent those of later date from ob- 
taining a firm grasp and clear insight of the subject. 
The successive nde of Sachs, and in particular 
the French vers 
0 
crystallise heretofore diffused and mechanically 
ve statements into one consistent w 
ds sults may iris startling to the aa race 
of ا‎ but there 
newer ones will gain нй. 
lying superficial variation was 
nte-Darwinian naturalists, an 
to the higher oups—the flowering plants. 
It is to Hofmeister in particular that modern botany 
owes the ideas 
there is one series of organisms, profoundly modified 
and varied, it is true, but still essentially one. ree 
process of ‘fertilisation, for instance, is in 
the same in the white rust of a Cabbage (Cystopus) 
as in the Cabbage itself, One consequence of this is, 
that the old terminology must either be completely 
eto or deua abandoned 
To Der ds or twenty different names was 
permissible all the t 
ar or identical mos 0 
venience. It is indeed one ofthe greatest еі 
to the progress of botanical science at t nt 
and his English collegues 
are to be icr on their attempts to remedy 
this ibas of th 28 сап ап anther а micro- 
rospore, may 
e who гына ста wholly to 
flowering Patet date it will be a boon to the student 
Who wishes to 
he oups of plants which otherwise 
might Mines on as isolated the same 
ac 
— 
et 
Е 
E 
— 
5. 
Ф 
© 
= 
oO 
B 
"o 
d 
Special attributes of flowering plants, but exist, it 
may be under another 
ess groups of plants. This differentiation of 
. Sporange," am involves great changes in 
our ideas of morphology, T 
The parts of the flower have been treated as 
specialised leaves, and so, indeed, they are, but the 
essential parts of the flower are this, and something 
more—the 
merely indicating them, as among 
of the dern way of looking at things. 
in these umm can we venture to enter upon poi 
still open to dispute. A lapsus at p. 321, унет i 
remain uncorrected in all the editions, may be inci- 
dentally mentioned. No species of Pinus (in the 
sense in which the word is "e teme has spirally 
arranged leaves in two comb- ls The inclusion 
of some notices of ddp т Bowers deudas im 
Phylloglossum and o à ripa spory in F 
appropriate, as being in harmony with the kojeg е 
the book. 
An excellent feature of the present volume is 
the explanation f „terms, and especially of their 
a great boon to students, 
оњ the дейно! in some cases—e.g., of 
spory and A my Sal” ang v cipe! clear 
Goebel's term, “ rum vestir 3 rendered by 
the simpler term bifacial. i bar 
barous and unncessary neologism for “caulicle " or 
Fir pina ean of which is mentioned, though 
acrospore is too 
Pieri esté butt to be distet otherwise mega- 
spore would be more correc 
the consequences 
Neit rs 
un 
3 
FORESTRY IN FRANCE. Ву Major Bailey, К.Е. 
Major Bailey's pei is mainly eei with 
forest management and conservancy as a whole. In 
this country чоо ы form no more Qus Fir cent. 
of the total bec as contrasted with 29 per cent. in 
Europe generally. Moreover, what woods we have 
are, for the a part, in n hands, and so there is 
little need for a special system of conservancy under 
vernment control. In India, however, such an 
неон has been in working for nearly а quarter 
of a century, and with admirable results. Similar 
advantages would probably accrue in Ireland were 
the State to become possessor of the waste land, 
and commence plant on a large scale, as has 
been already done tentatively in the Isle of 
Ma Supposing this t ne, some organi 
pamphlet Weg the system followed in France 
would b жетш very serviceable. Our 
ук Indian for officers have, it may be 
marked, received n practical training at French 
fius schools. 
On all accounts, тә Major m s d oar 
which is a reprint from the Tran of the 
Scott ish don "Societ ety, seen an ditis 
able addition to the library of those interested in 
woodland management. It deals with the demarca- 
otes on finance and forest 
gives details of the process о 
n on mbétitaht slopes, in waste places, 
swamps, and dunes, where it is done either by the 
State or by private individuals, to whom AA. 
tion is given by remission of taxation or otherw 
'The organisation of the staff and of the forest е 
at Nancy and Barres is also described. Acknow- 
ledgment is due to Major Bailey for having thus 
men within easy reach information of so much 
value 
M ppt egens IN THE ge — It is stated in a 
nt report on the trade comm Corea 
that the annual production aia sale of jet Ginseng 
& Government monopoly, and is farmed out to a 
bê of merchants attached to the annual over- 
land p pee ө China. Capital punishment 
is inflicted o found trafficking in 
the di "Notwithstanding this heavy penalty, 
smuggling is rife. value of red Gin y dein 
the -— ann 
400,000 dollars, or some £80,000, and this vien 
equalises the balance of trade. 
HOME CORRESPONDENCE, 
ALTON TOWERS. ae Kemp's agreeable contri- 
bution, p. 281, and his not unkind criticism of m 
article on Alton Towers, remind ves th yy 
conspicuous, as they may per have been whe 
newl d. There is акне obtrusive in the 
rtificial OS of the glen at the present time. 
eniin ueen there now, and I think the illustra- 
accompanying the article т the features 
of this beautiful place very faithfully, H. E. 
A COLUMN FOR YOUNG GARDENERS.—At the 
last me a of the C 
Society) М utual 
Alexander Henn delivered an instructive and prac- 
ter i 
tical address on “C cte ners,” and 
under the  headi of “literary character " 
threw out what I conceive to be a valuable sug- 
gestion, in i — vised | un 
S, аз а improving their style 
compositi t with the more laudabl 
of quickening bringing into o play—their powers of 
bservation ; an h this desirable end in view he 
— that editors of horticultural papers should 
ta mn for you ners, wherein the 
rima — Fy fame might relate their expe- 
riences, &c., h great mutual ntage, an 
ay refore su io piense! t the perei 
rdeners' Chronicle gyro establish a colum 
r columns are орек 
аз of them Sao but we 
hn pindi editorial Жай нө. Ер.] 
DER di н IN THE re tan OF ARRAN.— 
February been 
тор! ا‎ 
rna ioni: while th: 
tica and D. sq superba and Т. 
hymenophylloides, ve were ceris without any. The 
um-tree (Eucalyptus alpina) now 6 feet 9 
inches in height, shrubby to the ground, and with a 
reumference about equal to its height, has already 
e hs o inches buds of Camellia 
Donckelaari are beginning to burst; while the shining 
crimson-coloured young ky d of Photinia serrulata 
не ы ta inches in length. David La il- 
A JUBILEE ORPHANA 
HILDREN.—I trust Mr. Penny others who are 
advocating and phar fen for this will successful 
It would be in no sense a riv е coogi geod 
Benevolent Institution, for t of t 
istry 
would begin where the help of the other 
а the death of the nts. Perhaps n 
need mA ban ы able Brice less и for 
their families than gard . The educational efforts 
they make on behalf of their children mostly strain 
