APRIL 19, 1919. 
the year this is 
ve hoeing, 
the earl 
рве i 
In 
y par 
I soil. 
JA cadi on 
ay 
which ДР 
from ‘choo sing the 
ап ticipate much trouble 
vould Rey 
seed sowing, but 
Die sca 
pe the ш operation о 
discloses 
about 4 inches iameter 
filled with. ordinary potting perfe placing 6 
о 7 seeds in each and covering them with rather 
E ss than an in ch g soil, 75 pots constituting a 
scwing. pots are placed under the stage 
of an joe ike greenhouse, away from hot-water 
pipes, and from seed ripened іп ға normal year 
the germinating power given by p system 
was never under 98 per cent.; in seed ripened in' 
a bad ye х 2 рег сепі 
sowing out-of-doo 
ely interesting, Чын sometimes 
and 
soil worked free, with 
in the saa 
т 
Chelsea Gem gave most erratic 
Sown in pots a ратор of seed 
7 nt.; from the 
е. 2 
ug 
pared 
it is quite impossible o 
secure the fine 
ands 
tilth € as naturally follows 
the weat for 
А ls temperature in the soil, 
teme weather are factors “always opposed 
о the nd 
these we 
complaints 3 hides to bad g 
Thomas Smith. 
Publications Received. — Further Data 
on the iore las of Rutaceous Plants 
Cit Canker : erton ee. 
[сутт сыа Research, 
P Government 
Ренн ing басе Ash Journ by Spinach 
Bodie Vancontrated Soil m наста; Ву 
ча tis 
nted НОЕ 
W. Re Journal 
cultural Research, "Vol. XVI., 
pE 
v 
ап 
y the American Peony 
Бенку. Journal of the Board of Agri- 
ulture, March 1 1919. Price 4d. 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
QUERCUS - COCCIFERA. 
THE KERMES OAK. 
As the ge 
being pure in ha 
d that hee may 
ultivation of Oaks. 
ci int is now 
erest which 
s 
have main 
One of the most interesting of the evergreen 
Fig 90.—FRUITING BRAN 
shrub or small 
It has not, of 
5 
.Ф 
regularly in this coun 
Fig. 90 shows a fruiting "branch tio rom а 
t Kew. The acorns vary much in s 
and s but are usually stone d 
the reed half enclosed 
densely covered with але ps T like ondas 
еба 
Š 
195 
Examples of this Oak at Kew range from 6 ft. to 
10 feet high, but there is one in tbe. Vio arage 
Garden at Bitton appronching 20 f 
Quercus coccifera is of economic 
gets its popular name ‘ Ke 
being the b st plant of the ins 
ym a y yields 
This insect when 
and most permanent of rn 
ver, which has now, owing to 
е greater чей of other dyes, fallen em 
dis > dried state the insect 
is known as “grain” or “scarlet grain," and 
from that this Oak has been known as the 
Grain Tree." So highly was ‘‘ grain ” esteemed 
s a dye in mediaeval times that a representation 
of three sprigs of this Oak was take forr 
the crest of the Worshipful Company of Dyer 
whose arms were granted to them between 1 
1450 a. But so lost to modern industry 
W 
anc 
CH OF QUERCUS COCCIFERA. 
had it become that the Company itself a 
no longer knew what the three "pie 
© represe 
years ago 
were supposed + nt. Tapestries two 
centuries old in Flanders are said to have lost 
попе of their richness of hue, so ‘‘fast’’ is this 
dye. Shakespeare knew its virtues well, and 
several es ludes to it; thus Olivia, in 
“Twelfth Night,” says “Тіз in grain, sir, “twill 
Bis ermes Was 
re 
endure wind and weather The 
; d some of the early i EE sts as the 
which it was КЫ, апа 
table excrescence simi. ilar in 
o a ga 
a native chiefly of the Mediter- 
egion; ‘extending from Spain and North 
Africa eastw: ta Asia Minor a Syria. There 
are two or thr ree forms "rr it, and iem it 
becomes a fair- 9 tree. W. J. béu 
fruit of the tree —— 
by others as a veg 
5 iu 
118 
тапеап Re 
