238 THE GARDEN ERS’ _ CH RON. ІСТЕ. E | 1Хоумвкв 8, 1919. 
EDITORIAL NOTIGE, such a case the allelomorphic characters are fertilisation froni other im of hi “ра 
borne ir. equal numbers both by the pollen and This supposition is suggested ote 
“PUBLISHER, 41, Am. Be at to um egg cells. tard. Chron. 11, 883, to мечт ебе that seed 
This is poten is more usual type of from C. c. ко does not breed true but 
Editor, rs and pom — Our correspondents would segregation among plants, but many cases have gv С. carpati ne strain of the variety 
obviate delay in ‘obtaining answers to their com- b ; TE hi м u ux d allows sed in these. experiments wae derived : 
оа npe бу ave us much time and trouble, 0 now been found in which the segregation follows 8 I "ipu s derived from a 
ЧУ the effect ‘that, all letters "lating to Rnancil a different plan. Apart from. those examples ace with the flat flowers, fror vhich it is 
matter advertisem ould be reste ed in which it can be shown that a definite segrega- named (see Fig. 109). Another strain was sent 
to the ene su; and tha рев To the Titerary tion _oceur in the s | atic tissues of the plant from Kew аз С. var. pelviformis, but has funnel. 
department, and all plants to be named, should be (as in the many TA p planta and in the shaped flowers; nevertheless, in other respects 
Publishi H "i Editorial, то iuo departments large class which are known as carin ”) it appears to be typical of the variety. The 
ect delay and confusion arise when letters. remarkable gro of instances has b dis- inheritance of flower shape has not been T 
Local News.—C orrésporidenis will greatly oblige бу doe in ich the male and femal › sidos of worked out, but the & flower is known t 
sending to the Editors early intelligence of local the same plant do not have similar characters ^ recesstve to the campanuldte and iieri 
eee эы ro er ey inde allotted ба them: -The fire end, most: famous shapes (seo ‘ig. 
the notice of horticulturists. illustration of this ‘principle is that of the single ГЇ ower сз investigated are blue and 
Ilustrations.—TAe Editors will be glad to recei Stocks which ‘throw doubles, investigat у white, the latter being a simple recessive to 
0 уи Photographs о от ЕА Каер tin е Miss Saunders, in which pollen ‘is all carry- — blue. rere are many shades of blue, and in 
trees, étc., but they cannot be responsible for бе ing the’ double-flower character, whereas the general the paler shades are recessive to the 
Di tay an eiiis ion, as wet ыйы а egg cells are mixed singles and dou les. I have darker шз intermediate plants may throw 
plants for Bec should addressed to the ncountered a somewhat similar case in slightly darker nts. 
Ө, fl 41, С) carpatica, but in these plants the egg cells may The inheritance of the sex abnormalities de- 
WRITTEN ON хв DE ONLY Or THE PAPER, sent аз Ге homogeneous though different кы the pollen. мудар is are, сиреген ШЕ n that of colour. 
dde teh ar goat, and duly мй by In tho experiments here described the chief In hermaphrodites, 
printed, but kept as a guarantee of good faith. characters investigated were flower colour and 0 "be tween females and hermaphrodites, have 
invariably given mixed families, consisting bot 
females and of hermaphrodi ten with a 
THE GENETICS OF CAMPANULA preponderance of females. n these strains cf 
{ CARPATICA.* C. carpatica all the hermaphrodites test ppear 
IN very and confirmation of the t» produce more gamete ng the female 
S Mendelian principle in 1900, there has been character than gametes carrying the hermaphro- 
much. di n and speculation as to the dite character, and there is no cons sistent 
moment in the life history of plants or animal dg ce in this ing between the ovules ani 
gregation es place. The founda- n of a single 
tion of the Mendelian principle lies in the fac "Bui in two hermaphrodite geese the variety 
a are pairs of altern aracters, or jelviformis, tl is g difference 
allelomorphs; rela to e other in such a between the racter: or "n =: je get and 
w the reproductive cells bear one For the pollen of these plants used 
other of these ch ers, but not both females gives rise exclusively to females, d 
oductive cells are united in fertilisation the ov aleć of the same plant fertilised by other 
and are carrying similar allelomorphs, r hermaphrodites give rise exclusively to herma- 
breeding. or homozygous individual is formed, phrodites. The typ segregation by whi 
but when the reproductive cells tha: te ез а llen are differentiated is also 
а dissimilar allelomorphs, a hybrid ог followed by the colour factor in one 0 these 
heterozygous individual is prod he plants of C. c. pelviformis. This plant has blue 
ygous individual elc rol singl flowers and is heterozygous for this factor. On 
cell formed the fusion of two dissimilar germ а rp ay side normal segregation occurs, equal 
cells, a ain point in its life histo of ovules bearing blue or white 
ese different constituents separate out, result- samo But а. different type of segre 
ng i p c cel ther n occurs on the male side, for en 
allelomorphs of the pair. exact point in dt Se pollen grains carry vhite allelomorph, 
the development of. plant. or animal at which ' and д per cent. only the blue allelomorph. As 
ion occurs is of enormous importance RS е ача iu a result of this peculiar segregation these pe 
the theoretical and the practical mentary. anther eee hr when propagated by see ed true in теда 
point ot view, and has béen the object of much hermaphrodité d orm, wit ith fully-developed 2 Jes S oed RE igh” namely, perfect 
эзди > hat Mus. are 
Early in the history of Man the hypo- 
tha 
„елйн EEEN R E RR I EE E N ARR OENE ER ENEN а лла O ee 
thesis was put forwar segregation ven а эрит еа CN E male fertilisations. 
Я P s anthers ^ рр 
à сер ` йл: his 
place in the cell divisions br which the matura- ni QUU PEDULE It remains to consider the transmission of t 
ч Ит; d fe 6 . сатрайса are found hermaphrodite үе : i SI EAEN from parent 
tion = the P euin cells je «бене. The plants, with male an ide inr ED aR pensar, е of ri эя dio. r a 
itin lar mechanism of these ce ne 18108 is con t ceveloped, and plants Mes anth tl t ail to herma dimi vl m О à Ал emale 
е ле мүр. кен ^ also is Мас * . develop beyond a rudi ry wig ite mu rns dui syed 
, — ince a in iir iti pr EA us, mediate R а partially developed plies ве каа. Both + vues the colour 
experimen as those o en with rou nich sho eer The ¿Teneis lante; 4557 dns i. gr 1 ee sales 
нр е от бакет S peut ug А Б whic акан prm have corollas much reduced in eis es md a ovules and p м 
та; іп 3 uch a 
dicate that m айн of the all slomorphio E UR UPC P ——— plants, But the н wer of transmitting these properties 
pair are still united in the cell or group © cells oe mad si quite as vigorous and 55 із рат он limited to the ovules, for no 
5 owering (se 108). A i l 
ан a he pu is ademas If голч а е ма сро = Hermaphrodites with om ч, c. fiui agone € b 1 
ertilisi 
ss sadama at aa formation pd SUME. " c pei pem i erp Pie is — dites of other Rd of X carpat: : 
Е Я nt was distribu by f NUT S 
eges = soe pcos “be 2: xt, К Messrs. Froebel, of Zurich, in as a variety К ч ied hermaph se t 
киллер кш j Бе of C. turbinata, i : чо 
groups or as a coarse mosaic, instead of in the patica e ee ca Eds erac ane to car- segregation characteristic of their 
fine mosaic in which they are usually found. 1 si he t 
Further, there is experimental proof that in 
а The experiments here described w: arried out at та eines ean Ts Roa respec nd in 
= è y commercial pur of this property by the m only, 
ihe John a Horticultural “institution, ‘and ere are fully As self s erility is general in ti eed ‘ormis ble 
recorded in ‘‘Types of Segregation,” Pellew, Journal r OM Dau — 
ef Genetics, Vol. VL No. 4 1917. from this variety could only be Мөрөй: by ri mend а iac pie Ji e Tem 
y o arolin 3 
