PEALK.] SPRINGS ON SNAKE EIVER. 301 



peratures on August 9, the temperature of the air being 80° F. !N"ear 

 the river, beginning at the north end, the following were the tempera- 

 tures: 173° F., 180OF., 1C70 F., 135o F., 150^ F., 150° F., 16Go F., 172° F., 

 174° F., 165° F. Some of these are sputtering springs and have cones. 

 Back of the river on a small ridge the following were taken, viz, 160° F., 

 IGOOF. 



In Small Creek bottom, farther east, the following: 155° F., 155° F., 

 155° F., 1G3° F., 110° F. Most of these springs have clear water and 

 are boiling and sputtering constantly. The group, as the map shows, is 

 near the south line of the Park. About 12 miles up the Snake is a 

 group described by Professor Bradley in the report for 1872. These 

 springs are located near the remarkable bend in the river, which is 

 shown on the map, and they fall, therefore, within the limits of the Park. 

 They might be known as Snake Caiion Group, which is the name I will 

 use here to designate them. 



Snahe Canon Group. — Professor Bradley* describes this group as 

 follows : 



Just at the mouth of the narrow canon the river bends sharply to the right and then 

 to the left, so that the form of the slopes gives the descending traveler reason to ex- 

 pect here a large affluent; but none exists. About a mile lower we came suddenly 

 upon a small basin of hot springs, most of which are now nearly extinct, though some 

 large mounds on the river bank give evidence of great activity in former times. The 

 active vents seen were all in the bed or on the bottoms of the river, so that their flow 

 was more or less mingled with river water, and no temperatures were taken. The 

 deposits are siliceous. Mr. Taggart found near here, at the foot of the second terrace, 

 several conical depressions from 30 to 40 feet deep and from 75 to 100 feet in diameter, 

 which might have been old spring basins, though their origin is by no means certain. 

 At the bottom of one of these lay two dead rabbits upon which there were no signs 

 of violence. No other signs of escaping gas were noticed. 



Farther west, above the mouth of Lake Fork, Professor Bradley 

 describes t some springs which are just inside of the limits of the Park. 

 They were not seen by us, and I therefore give his description: 



The high ridges which form the slopes about Lake Lewis bear back from the river 

 and form no part of its lofty canon-walls. Between the river and this upper slope, on 

 the west side, a large stream gathers its waters from the abundant springs of the 

 mountains, and occupies a broad, flat valley on the lower level, filled with beaver-dams, 

 whence it rushes through a narrow-winding canon and over a SO-foot fall to meet the 

 river about a mile above its junction with the Snake. On the foot-slopes of the 

 mountain, along the west side of the beaver-dam flat, there are considerable numbers 

 of warm springs oozing out, and considerable accumulations of siliceous deposits are 

 indicated by the soil. A small run formed from a number of these springs gave a 

 temperature of 101°. It is possible that active springs of some size exist in this neigh- 

 borhood, but the contrary is indicated by the extensive bodies of dense timber, which 

 also hinder exploration. 



Professor Bradley also refers to the springs at the mouth of Lake 

 Fork as follows : \ 



Immediately opposite the camp at the mouth of Lake Fork there is a considerable 

 cluster of dead and dying hot springs. Several mounds indicate the former positions 

 of geysers of considerable size. The temperatures of ten springs were taken by Mr. 

 Taggart, varying from 102° to 15b°. Three were above 150°. The deposits are now 

 rapidly disintegrating. Upon one large conical mound this process had developed a 

 columnar or fibrous condition of the geyserite. Similar spring deposits also occur on 

 the west side of the river' from one to four miles below this camp, and some of the 

 mire-holes so common in the Fire Hole Basins were also encountered. Upon looking 

 back from below, two large columns of steam were seen about a mile up the Beaver- 

 Dum Creek, which seemed to indicate the possibility of geysers still existing there. 



Springs on Thirsty Fork of Henry^s Forlc of Snalce River. — In 1872, Mr. 

 Becbler, topographer of the Snake River Division of the Survey, spent 



* Report U. S. Geol. Survey for 1872, 1873, p. 256. 

 t Report U. S. Geol. Survey for 1872, 1873, p. 257. 

 X Report U. S. Geol. Survey for 1872, 1873, p. 259. 



