PABT II. 



THEEMAL SPKINGS AND GEYSEES. 



Page. 



Intboduction 304 



Chapter I. Thermal springs and geysers of Iceland 304 



II. Thermal springs and geysers of New Zealand 313 



III. Thermal springs of tlie United States 320 



IV. Thermal springs of Mexico, Central America, West Indies, and 



Soutli America 327 



V. Thermal springs of Enrope, the Azores, Africa, and the Indian 



Ocean 332 



VI. Thermal springs of Asia Minor and Asia 339 



VII. Thermal springs of Japan, Formosa, Malaysia, Australasia, and 



Polynesia.. 345 



INTEODUCTION. 



In this portion of the report I propose to give briefly a description of 

 the geyser areas of Iceland and New Zealand, for the sake of compari- 

 son with our Yellowstone National Park, and to make clearer some of 

 the facts detailed in Part III. I have also added short chapters on the 

 thermal springs of other portions of the world. 



In going over the literature of thermal springs, I found that th^e 

 was no one place in which I could find the subject of their distribution 

 thoroughly treated of, and I concluded to bring together in this place 

 the result of my search, which, although not so complete as could pos- 

 sibly be made with more time, will give a good idea of the wide distri- 

 bution of hot springs and geysers, and their connection with volcanic 

 action either recent or extinct. In the catalogues appended to the dif- 

 ferent chapters, there may be some duplication of localities, but I 

 have tried to avoid it as much as possible. The different spellings of 

 various places by different authors, and the changes in geographical 

 boundaries, have rendered it probable that there may be some duplica- 

 tion, but I feel assured that if so it is very slight. 



CHAPTEE I. 



THEEMAL SPKINGS AND GEYSEES OF ICELAND. 



Iceland has always been noted for its hot springs, and was for a long 

 time the only remarkable geyser locality known. The very name geyser 

 testifies to Iceland's historical precedence as the land of geysers. At 

 present, however, it is rivaled if not excelled by the New Zealand and 

 Yellowstone localities. 



The hot springs of Iceland may be conveniently divided into three 

 areas, viz : 



1st, that in the north or northeastern portion of the island, about 



(304) 



