388 



REPORT UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 



Fire Hole Basin, the Shoshone Basin, nor the Heart Lake Basin, and 

 the only specimen from the Lower Fire Hole Basin is from the "Jug 

 Spring " in the Thud Group. To obtain this we sent back a distance 

 of at least 35 miles. All of the bottles were taken to and from the 

 Park on mule-back until the terminus of the stage line was reached, and 

 we think it remarkable that only one of the nine should have been lost 

 through breakage. The capacity of the bottles is about half of an im- 

 perial gallon (about 5 U. S. pints, or a little over 2 litres). 



We shall now take up the analyses in the order indicated in the chap- 

 ter on classification, premising that we have no analyses of aluminous 

 springs to present, and therefore only calcareous or calcic and siliceous 

 springs will be represented, and of the latter only a few of the many 

 that are found within the limits of the Yellowstone National Park. 



CALCAREOUS OR CALCIC WATERS. 



The only waters in the park in which the calcareous element is prom- 

 inent are those of the Mammoth Hot Springs of Gardiner's Eiver. The 

 " Soda Butte," on the east fork of the Yellowstone, appears to have the 

 same composition as the deposits of the Mammoth Springs, but its spring 

 has been long extinct. 



Calcium sulphate is found in some of the springs of the Gibbon Geyser 

 Basin and in Jug Spring, in the Lower Fire-Hole Basm, but in both 

 these basins the deposits are siliceous. 



Specimens of water were taken from Spring Ko. 1, 'No. 2 (Cleopatra), 

 and ISTo. 17 (on the main terrace), at the Mammoth Hot Springs. That 

 from Spring No. 1 was lost by the breaking of the bottle, and we had 

 but one specimen in this case, and two from each of the other springs. 



Cleopatra Spring {No. 2). — This spring is fully described in Part I, 

 Chapter 1. It will suffice to say here that the spring is a beautiful 

 white basin, with a faint yellowish-red tint on the outer edge, and the 

 water is of a sky-blue color. The sjDecimens were collected September 

 17, 1878, and when the bottles were opened, in 1881, a slight deposit 

 of amorphous carbonates was found. The water was strongly alkaline, 

 and had a temperature of 154° F. 



The following is the analysis :* 





Grams to 

 litre. 



Grains to im- 

 perial gallon. 





0.480 



0.050 



0.117 



0.200 



0. 0303 



0.240 



33. 600 





3.500 





8.190 





14. 000 





2.121 





16. 800 









1. 1173 



78. 211 



Arranging this we have — 



Grains to imperial gallon. 



Sodium cWoride 13.496 



Sodium sulphate 35. 504 



Calcium sulphate 13. 587 



Calcium carbonate 24. 850 



Magnesium carbonate 7. 455 



Silica 3.500 



98. 392 



'All the original analyses in this chapter are by Dr. Henry Leffmann. 



