GA.\>fErr.] TOPOGRAPHY THE GALLATIN RANGE. 483 



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sontli as latitude 44c> 35', opposite brauclies of the Stinking Water, a 

 large tributary to the Big Horn Eiver. 



South of the head of the East Fork the tributaries to the Yellow- 

 stone, whether they flow into the lake or into the Upper Yellowstone, 

 are comparatively short, the divide between the Yellowstone and the 

 Big Horn swinging to the eastern part of the range. The mountains 

 also rise more abruptly, with a smaller breadth of foot-hills. Of the prom- 

 inent peaks in this i)ortion of the range may be mentioned Mount Chit- 

 tenden, named for Mr. George B. Chittenden, whose name has long been 

 identified with this survey. This fine, prominent peak stands at the 

 head of Turbid Creek, and of a branch of Pelican Creek, while from its 

 eastern base flow the headwaters of the Stinking Water. From its neigh- 

 borhood a heavy spur runs down to the lake, terminating in Lake Butte. 

 South of this is a deep bay of low country, partially swarai^y, at the 

 head of which is a very low pass to a branch of the Stinking Water; and, 

 judging f]'om the number of old trails setting in that direction, it is 

 probable that the pass in question is much used by game and Indians. 

 Though it was not j)racticable to measure its height, it can be but little 

 above the lake, as the slope upwards to it is scarcely perceptible, and 

 the summit is very ill-defined. The stream from it to the eastward has 

 a rapid descent, in a close caQon between high mountains. This bay is 

 limited on the south by the spur known as the Signal Hills, which con- 

 sist of a series of half a dozen hills running down to the lake shore, 

 each lower than the one west of it, and connected with it by a low 

 saddle. 



Xext follows a broad valley, drained by Milky Creek, then a high 

 spur, at the head of which stands Mount Langford, named, in 1871, for 

 ex-Gov. N. P. Langford, formerly of Montana. On the spur are two 

 very fine conical peaks, the higher bearing the name of Mount Doane, 

 from Lieutenant Doane, U. S. A., who was in charge of the escort of 

 the first party that explored the Park (General Washburn's) ; the other. 

 Mount Stevenson, from Mr. James Stevenson, who for many years was 

 the executive officer of this survey. 



This spur reaches the lake at its head. South of it the cailons be- 

 come closer, while the belt of foot-hills and secondary peaks becomes 

 much narrower, and in a few miles entirely disappears, and the highest 

 peaks look directly down upon the valley of the Upper Yellowstone. 

 Farther yet, and the range assumes more the appearance of a high 

 plateau, erosion having acted but little upon the original mountain mass. 

 Some of the earlier maps represent a peak in this neighborhood marked 

 as Mount Humphreys, but I have been unable to identify it. 



THE GALLATIN RANGE. 



This range separates the Yellowstone from the Gallatin Eiver. But 

 a small portion of it, in length only 15 miles, is within the Park, wliile 

 it extends northward for a long distance, finally disappearing only 

 against the Missouri Eiver, below its great bend. It is not, however, 

 known as the Gallatin Eange throughout. West of Bozeman and Fort 

 Ellis it is very much depressed, falling to an elevation of only about 

 8,000 feet, and north of this depression it is known as the Bridgor Eange. 



Within the Park the first peak is Electric, the highest and finest i)eak 

 in that reservation. It has a height of 11,155 feet above sea, and of 

 6,000 feet above the valley of the Yellowstone at its base. Its summit 

 is double, the eastern peak being the higher. The summit of the lat- 

 ter is very small, not covering a space greater than 10 square feet, 



