SATYRINyE. 25 



intersected by tlie brown veins, the extreme outer marginal edge being also brown 

 speckled at the vein tips ; a single subanal black spot with white pupil between the 

 lower median veinlets. Underside pale purpurescent brownish-cinereous, palest 

 on the basal area, thickly mottled, except on the lower part of forewing, with dark 

 brown slender transverse strigse. Forewing crossed by an angulated dark brown 

 discal line outwardly edged with white, and a slender nearly even submarginal line, 

 the latter also slightly pale edged ; the subapical and lower black spot both larger, 

 their intermediate narrow white spots also larger, and very prominent, the subapical 

 and lower spot each with an ochreous and then a narrow brown outer ring, the 

 upper spot also white pupilled. Eindiving crossed by a prominent dark brown 

 angulated discal line outwardly bordered with white, and less-defined brown sub- 

 marginal lunular line, between them is an upper and a lower prominent black ocellus, 

 each with a white pupil, ochreous ring, and then a slender brown outer ring ; some- 

 times there is a minute ocellule present above the upper one. 



Female. TJpperside slightly paler than the male. Forewing with the greyish- 

 white costal and marginal border, discal black spots, and the two intervening white 

 s^iots more prominent, and the discal transverse angular line of the underside 

 slightly traceable. Eindunng with the marginal greyish-white band broader and more 

 or less enclosing the subanal spot. Underside as in the male. Bochj above brown, 

 cinereous beneath ; collar, side of palpi, and legs beneath cinereous-white. 



Expanse, 2^, to 3f inches. 



Habitat. — N.-"W. Himalayas; Afghanistan; Beluchistan ; S.Persia. 



Distribution. — The first record of the capture of this insect within our area is 

 that by Col. A. M. Lang (P. Z. S. 1865, p. 500), who " obtained it on steep pre- 

 cipices over bare hill-sides above the Sutlej; the aspect of the insect on the wing is quite 

 Nymphalidian, a soaring flight, swift if frightened, and pitching in all sorts of 

 inaccessible spots. Subsequently found very common in Upper Kunawur, always 

 on steep cliffs, pitching on rocks ; " and, in his MS. Notes, also says, " This is a 

 Kunawur insect ; only to be seen on cliffs on bona-fide cliff ground, sailing about with 

 rather a Nymphalidian flight, and perching on rocks with closed wings. Rather 

 numerous in such localities as it frequents. Kotghur, taken in May ; in Kumaon, 

 from July to September." The Rev. J. H. Hocking (P. Z. S. 1882, 236) obtained it 

 in the " Kangra Valley, during the rains, June to September. Always settles under- 

 neath overhanging rocks." Major H. B. Hellard (MS. Notes) records it from 

 '' Pangi and Urni in Busahir, July and August ; Kashmir in September, and Skardo 

 in July." Mr. L. de Niceville (Butt. Ind. 184) obtained it near Simla, and at Kot- 

 ghur in the autumn, in Chumba in May, at Budruwah and Junglewah on the 

 frontiers of Kashmir in June, and late in July near Bajaura, Kulu. Mrs. Deane 

 obtained specimens in Chini in June, and in Gilgit by Major J. Biddulph in August." 

 VOL. II. E 



