SATYRIN^. lOl 



Distribution. — Typical G. Nirmala " is very abundant in Kunawur in June and 

 July. It has a wide range, flies for many montlis, and is very common. It frequents 

 the same ground as G. Nada, but extends also through the habitat of G. Scanda 

 almost to the Plains. It appears among woods and glens and damp regions, as well 

 as the dry slopes above, in middle and upper Kunawur" (Lang's MS. Notes). " It 

 is very common at moderate elevations throughout the "Western Himalayas, from 

 May till September. It affects the undergrowth in glades and forests, and may be 

 seen on the wing even on damp and cloudy days " (Butt. Ind. 248). Capt. Beckett 

 took it in Gurhwal. Major H. B. Hellard obtained it in " Simla, and Pangi, Busahir, 

 in July and August " (MS. Notes). Mr. "W. Doherty records it from " Loharkhet, 

 Western Kumaon, at from 7000 to 8000 feet elevation" (J. A. S. Beng. 1886, 119). 

 We possess the type specimens of G. Nirmala, and also the form intermedia, from 

 Simla, and of Gashapa, from Masuri, 7000 feet, taken by Col. A. M. Lang, in June, 

 from Kangra, taken by Mr. Hocking, and from Simla, taken by Major Hellard in 

 June, and from Masuri in October. Specimens are in Mr. G. F. Hampson's Collection, 

 taken by Col. Lang, at Naini Tal, 3500 to 7700 feet elevation in May and June, 

 1887. 



CALLEREBIA SCANDA (Plate 117, figs. 1, la, b,(? ? ). 



Erelia Scanda, Kollar, Hiigel's Kaschmir, iv. 2, p. 452, pi. 17, figs. 3, 4, c? (1844). 

 Gallerebia Scanda, Butler, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1867, p. 217; Ent. Mo. Mag. 1868, p. 194; Catal. Satyr. 

 B. M. p. 96 (1868). Marshall and de Nieeville, Butt, of India, etc. i. p. 244 (1883). 



Imago. — Male. Upperside dark cinerescent olive-brown, darkest basally and 

 with a vinescent tint in some lights ; cilia cinerescent-brown, with a cinereous-white 

 inner line which is most distinct on the hindwing. Forewing with the apical area 

 perceptibly paler and traversed by a narrow submarginal dusky fascia ; subapical 

 ocellus obtusely- oval, black, bipupilled with bluish-white, and ringed with dull 

 ochreous. Hindwing with a subanal round ocellus pupilled with bluish-white. 

 Underside paler. Foreiving with the ocellus more prominent, the apical area very 

 slightly speckled with cinereous scales, traversed by an indistinct dusky-brown 

 submarginal and an oblique discal fascia, which are convexly-joined at the lower 

 median. Hindwing irroratod with cinerescent-white scales, which are very densely 

 disposed towards the inner area and there form more or less-defined strigae ; a 

 prominent round subanal and a smaller anal ocellus both white pupilled, the latter 

 being sometimes bipupilled ; above these is a submarginal series of four white 

 ocelloid dots. Body beneath and legs above brown ; legs cinerescent beneath ; 

 palpi cinerescent at the side, with a lateral black streak and black-tipt frontal hairs ; 

 antennae brown. 



Female. Upperside as in the male, but somewhat paler. Underside as in the 



