Aulo»'M|)lifs lliiioniflcr und Tliennoiuplfi'. 



1^ I'''//- 1 ///.__ 



■ /' 



i#^' 



, ; 



Figure 4. — Kreil's balance thermometer, 1843. (From Karl Kreil, Magne- 

 tische und meteorologische Beohac htungen zu Prag, Prague, 1843, ^o'- 3' ^S- ■ ■) 



around by the vane to face the wind. Both this 

 plate and the vane itself were made to move 

 pencils through linkages of chains and pulleys.'" 

 Osier's anemometer (fig. 5) deserves to be called 



1' The Osier anemometer and most of the other self-register- 

 ing instruments mentioned in this paper are described and il- 

 lustrated in C. .-\bbe, "Treatise on Meteorological .Vpparatus 

 and Methods," Annual Report of the Chief Signal Officer for 1887, 

 Washington, 1888. The use of the Osier instrument at the 

 British Association's observatory at Plymouth is mentioned in 

 the Association's annual reports from 1838. There were a 

 number of earlier self-registering anemometers, but no evidence 

 of their extended use. See J. K. Laughton, "Historical Sketch 

 of Anemometry and Anemometers," Qttarterly Journal of the 

 Royal Meteorological Society, 1882, vol. 8, pp. 161-188. 



the first successful self-registering meteorological 

 instrument; it was standard equipment in British 

 observatories until the latter part of the 19th century 

 when it was replaced by the cup-anemometer of 

 Robinson. 



Self-recording barometers and therm.ometers were 

 more vulnerable to the influence of friction than 

 were wind instruments, but fortunatelv pressure 

 and temperature were also less subject to sudden 

 fluctuation, and so self-registration was less necessary. 

 Nevertheless, two events occurred in the 1840's 

 which led to the development of self-registering 

 instruments. One event was the development of the 

 geomagnetic observatory, which used the magne- 

 tometer, an instrument as delicate as the barometer 



104 



BULLETIN 228: CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE MUSEUM OF HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY 



