THE ANATOMY OF THE INDIAN ELEPHANT. 43 



tinuous with the ligamentum nuchas; secondly, to the inner 

 two-thirds of the superior curved line of the occiput. The deep 

 layer has a similar arraogement, but its breadth is greater, and 

 the tendinous centre much larger in proportion to the muscular 

 part. It is inserted into the whole length of the superior curved 

 line. 



C. and L.— 276-7 (K) ; 282, upper figure (K) ; 287-8 (K). 



Sacro-hcmhalis and its forward continuations form a thin, flat 

 sheet, which extends as far as the fourth rib. The tendons arise 

 primarily from the ilium ; subsequently from the ribs between 

 the sixth and nineteenth (inclusive), a little external to the 

 angles. The tendons of insertion are somewhat narrower than 

 the tendons of origin, and pass to the posterior borders of the 

 ribs between the fourth and sixteenth (inclusive), nearly four 

 inches external to their angles. 



No separate erector spincB exists. 



C. and L.— 282, figs. 1 and 2 (C) ; 295 (C). 



Zongissimus dorsi is inseparable behind from spinalis. It 

 diverges from that muscle about the level of the twelfth rib, and 

 is continued forward to the neck, having the continuation of 

 sacro-lumhalis on its outer, and semi-spinalis on its inner side. 

 In the anterior dorsal region longissimus dorsi is enclosed be- 

 tween the two origins of levator anguli scapulce. It is inserted 

 along its whole length by a series of tendons into the transverse 

 processes of the vertebrse. The tendons of origin arise similarly 

 from the transverse processes, but a little to the inner side. 



C. and L.— 282, figs. 1 and 2 (B) ; 295 (B). 



Transversalis colli continues longissimus dorsi forward as far 

 as the atlas, arising from articular processes, and inserted into 

 transverse processes. 



Not in C. and L. 



Trachelo-mastoideus arises by tendinous and fleshy slips from 

 the articular processes of the hinder cervical vertebrse, external 

 to the slips of origin of complexus. The muscle forms a flat- 

 tened band, which passes direct to the mastoid process, and is 

 inserted by tendinous fibres on its superficial aspect, and more 

 deeply by fleshy fibres. The insertion is overlaid by splenitis. 

 The internal or dorsal border of the muscle is attached to, and 

 partly sheathed in a layer of yellow elastic tissue, which 

 separates splenitis from complextis. 



