THE ANATOMY OF THE INDIAN ELEPHANT. 45 



it divides into lateral halves separated by several veins and loose 

 cellular tissue ; each of these again breaks up into many distinct 

 fasciculi. On the deeper surface of the funicular portion the 

 yellow elastic is largely replaced by white fibrous tissue. The 

 deep portion of the ligament forms a flattened mass attached to 

 the spines of the six hinder cervical vertebrae. 



Opposite the third dorsal vertebra a short, thick bundle of 

 fibres is given off, partly from the ligamentum nuchse, partly 

 from the spinous processes, and partly from the interspinous 

 ligament. This bundle passes to the apex of the scapula, which 

 is thus strongly connected with the vertebral column. 



Semispinalis colli arises in the posterior cervical and anterior 

 dorsal region by muscular slips internal to the origin of complexus, 

 and is inserted into the lower border of the spine of the axis. 



C. and L. — 282, lower figure (L^ ?) " petit complexus." 



Rectus (cajjitis) posticus major arises by a small round slip from 

 the spinous process of the axis, and is inserted into the occiput, 

 external to the ligamentum nuchse and beneath complexus. 



C. and L.— 282 (M^ ?). 



Rectus posticus minor arises from the superior arch of the atlas 

 close to its fellow muscle. The two diverge as they pass up- 

 wards, and each is inserted into the occiput beneath rectus posticus 

 major. 



Not identified in C. and L. 



Rectus posticus externus, a rather broader muscle than rectus 

 posticus major, arises in front of it and more deeply. It is inserted 

 into the occiput, external to rectus posticus minor, and more 

 superficially. OUiquus superior partly overlies it, 



Not identified in C. and L. 



OUiquus (capitis) superior, a fan-shaped muscle, arises by two 

 tendinous slips from the transverse process of the atlas. It 

 passes upwards and slightly inwards, and is inserted into the 

 occiput, external to rectus posticus major. A considerable nerve, 

 an artery, and two or three veins pass between the heads of 

 origin. 



Not identified in C. and L. 



OUiquus inferior, a short and stout muscle, arises from the 

 outer surface of the spinous process of the axis, and passes direct 

 to the transverse process of the atlas. Towards its inner border 



