THE ANATOMY OF THE INDIAN ELEPHANT. 27 



anterior spine of the ilium and the border of the acetabulum. 

 The tendon of attachment arches over the centre of the con- 

 cavity. Between it and the bone is a large branch of the 

 external iliac artery, and a considerable venous anastomosis. 

 The external head arises from the root of the great trochanter 

 on its anterior surface, and extensively from an intermuscular 

 septum between this muscle and vastus externus. The long 

 head is inserted into the front of the patella ; the external 

 head has a slightly distinct insertion above, and to the outer 

 side of the other. 



C. and L.— 285-6 0) ; 287-8 {p) ; 290-1 (p) ; 292-3 0) ; 

 294, fig. 1 {p ; m, and o perhaps represent the external head). 



Vastus internus arises from the lower half of the femur on its 

 inner surface. It becomes very thick and fleshy in its lower 

 part, and is inserted into the inner border of the patella and the 

 ligamentum patellse. 



C. and L.— 285-6 {%)• 290-1 {%)-, 292-3 {%)', 294, fig. 

 1 {n). 



Vastus externus arises from the outer surface of the trochanter, 

 and from nearly the whole length of the femur along its outer 

 border. The line of origin then curves out towards the external 

 condyle. The muscle is inserted, chiefly by fleshy fibres, into 

 the outer side of the patella, into the ligamentum patellse, and 

 the aponeurosis of the leg. 



C. and L.— 276-7 (the right-hand m) ; 287-8 (m) ; 289, fig. 2 

 (m) ; 290-1 (m) ; 294, fig. 1 (m). 



Crureus arises from nearly the whole anterior surface of the 

 femur, and from the lower part of the external surface of the 

 trochanter. It sends processes of attachment between the ad- 

 jacent muscles, thus embracing by pointed slips the femoral 

 origin of rectus, and the insertion of glutceus minimus. It is 

 inserted into the upper border of the patella. This muscle is 

 much divided by vessels and tendinous septa. 



C. and L. — 290-1 (o) ; 294, fig. 1 (o). Mayer appears to con- 

 sider this muscle a part of vastus externus. 



Tibialis anficus is the most internal of three muscles which 

 occupy the front of the leg, and which are hardly separable 

 above. It arises from the external surface of the tibia, for the 

 middle three-fifths of the length of the bone, passing downwards 



