24 . STUDIES IN COMPAEATIVE ANATOMY. 



Adductor magnus is pierced, as usual, by the femoral vessels, 

 wMch intervene between the main part of the muscle and the 

 slip which passes to the internal condyle. It is pierced also by 

 the obturator nerve. 



C. and L.— 285-6 {l) ; 289, figs. 3, 4 (l) ; 290-1 {I, P) ; 292-3 

 (Z). 



Adductor longus is closely connected above with jpectineus, but 

 has a distinct rounded tendon of origin, attached to the front of 

 the pubes beneath pectineus, and nearer to the symphysis. Ad- 

 ductor longus is inserted into the inner side of the femur, reach- 

 ing to a point just above the internal condyle. 



C. and L.— (" 2« Pectin^ "), 290-1 ; 292-3 (^"l). 



Adductor minimus. — This large and distinct quadrilateral 

 muscle arises from the ramus of the ischium, beneath the ham- 

 string muscles, and is inserted into the posterior surface of the 

 femur for about the second fourth of the bone, counting from 

 above. Towards its insertion it is partly enveloped by adductor 

 magnus, a large vein separating the two muscles. Their fibres 

 ultimately unite, and are inserted together. 



C. and L., .290-1 (d ?). 



Fectineus takes origin between the iliopectineal eminence and 

 the symphysis pubis. Some of its fibres are closely connected 

 with the tendon of origin of adductor longus. It is inserted 

 into the middle of the femur on its inner side, above and 

 external to adductor longus, 



C. and L.— 285-6 ; 290-1 ; 292-3 (k). 



Gastrocnemius externus arises by a small round tendon from 

 the external condyle of the femur in front of plantaris and 

 external to it ; also from the intermuscular septum between it 

 and the peronmi. It is a thin, flat muscle, ending by a tendon 

 in the deep surface of the common tendon of the os calcis. 



C. and L.— (" Plantaire grele "), 276-7, 285-6,287-8,289, figs. 

 3, 4 (7). Mayer's figure of the gastrocnemii {Act. Acad. Goes. 

 Leop. vol. xxii. t. ix. fig. 4), is very indistinct and not accurate. 



Gastrocnemius internus takes origin as a thin fiat muscle from 

 the internal condyle of the femur, and partly from the capsule 

 of the knee-joint. It passes downwards and outwards, ending a 

 little below the middle of the leg in a small flattened tendon. 

 The lower four inches are sheathed in a strong aponeurosis 



