THE ANATOMY OF THE INDIAN ELEPHANT. 7 



Pierre Camper dissected an elephant in the winter of 1774. The 

 work lasted less than three weeks. Camper had subsequently several 

 opportunities of examining elephants of both sexes, and it was his 

 intention to prepare a full anatomical description. He died, however, 

 in 1789, leaving only the plates, an index to the figures, and the titles 

 of the chapters which were to have composed the text. The published 

 description, which is of some value, though by no means full, was 

 drawn up by his son, A. G. Camper. The plates are free and taste- 

 ful, without much detail ; they contain useful matter respecting the 

 chief viscera, but only the most meagre notes of myology. 



Hunter's notes are excellent, especially the account of the female 

 generative organs. 



Cuvier dissected a male elephant in 1805,^ assisted by his pupils 

 and by the painter Marechal. He subsequently dissected two other 

 specimens, a male and a female. The results appear in his post- 

 humous Recueil de Planches de Myologie, published by Laurillard. 

 The plates are not good. We iind drawings only, without descriptive 

 text, and the letters of designation are not always rightly affixed. 

 Everywhere the want of the master's eye seems apparent. Though 

 most of the details are correct, it is necessary to warn future students 

 that hardly anything can be taken on trust from these plates. In 

 the present memoir a systematic comparison with our own dissections 

 has been made. 



Mayer's dissection is given very briefly. Many of the muscles are 

 merely named. We have found several mistakes of importance in this 

 short account. 



Owen, R.— Odontography, pp. 625-655, pi. 146-150. London (1840-1845). 

 Pbreault, Cl. — M^moires de VAcademie Boyale des Sciences, torn. iii. part iii. 

 p. 161, pi. xxiii. (1734). 



Describes the African Elephant in Mimoires pour servir d VHistoire 



Naturelle des Animaux, vol. ii. Amsterdam (1758). 



Seba, Albert. — Locupletissimi rerum naturalium Thesauri accurata descriptio, 



&c., vol. i. tab. iii. Amst. fol. (1734-1765). [Foetus of Elephant] 

 Serrao. — Opuscoli di vario Argomento. Napoli, 4to, fig. (1766). 

 Sttjkelet. — Essay towards the Anatomy of the Elephant (1723). 



On the Spleen and Anatomy of an Elephant. London, fol. (1733). 



SuPLY. — Eemarques anatomiques sur un elephant ouvert au fort Saint-Georges 



(1715). 

 Turner, W. — Lectures on the Comparative Anatomy of the Placenta, 1st series, 



Edinburgh (1876). [Relates some Observations on the Structure of the 



Placenta in the Elephant. ] 

 VuLPiAN ET Philippaux. — Notes sur le coeur, le foie et les poumons d'un 



elephant (femelle). Ann. Sci. Nat. Zoologie, vol. v. (1856). 

 Watson, Morrison, M.D. — Contributions to the Anatomy of the Indian 



Elephant. Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, 1871-74. Observations 



in Human and Comparative Anatomy. Edinburgh (1874). 

 ZiMMERMANN, E. A. W. — Beschreibung und Abbildung eines Neugebornen 



Elephanten. Erlangen, 4to (1783). 

 ^ Deleuze, " History and Description of the Royal Museum of Natural History," 

 Eng. Trans, vol. i. p. 91. 



