the anatomy of the indian elephant. 77 



Lungs. 



The shape of the lungs is adapted to the deep and narrow 

 thorax ; the whole of the ventral surface is in contact with the 

 diaphragm, which extends forwards to the second or third rib. 

 The visceral and parietal layers of the pleura are closely con- 

 nected together by matted elastic tissue, while the pleural sac is 

 at the same time pretty generally adherent to the thoracic wall 

 on the one hand and to the surface of the lungs on the other. 

 The right lung, according to Vulpian and Philipeaux, has a 

 small upper lobe, a triangular internal lobe, which rises towards 

 the trachea, and a very considerable third lobe. Dr Watson 

 found only two lobes, of which the smaller lay on the left side 

 and projected transversely from the lung immediately below 

 the hilum. In our example the arrangement was nearly the 

 same. The left lung is undivided. The lobules are very easily 

 separable. Dr Watson observes that the bronchi branch irre- 

 gularly, and that upon entering the lung they immediately lose 

 the cartilaginous laminae. This was the case in our subject also. 



NEEVOTJS SYSTEM. 



We are not able to give any useful information respecting the 

 nervous system of the elephant. The brain was not removed 

 until eight months after death, when its internal structure was 

 much broken down. We have traced the chief nerves, but find 

 no peculiarities sufficiently remarkable to justify a minute 

 description.^ 



OEGANS OF SPECIAL SEN"SE. 



Eye. 

 Mayer describes a special depressor of the lower eyelid, and 

 Dr Watson confirms the statement. It arises with the recti 

 and oUiqui from the bony canal posterior to the orbit, and 

 passes forwards beneath the eyeball to be inserted into the 

 cartilage of the lower lid. Dr Watson notices also "a very 



^ For tlie relative sizes of the cranial nerves, Dr Harrison's description may be 

 consulted. Quoted (with figure) in Sir J. Emerson Tennent's Natural History of 

 Ceylon, p. 95. 



