Koadsters and their fillies when crossed with the Thoroughbreds 

 would produce the exact article wanted. Nunn also holds that 

 ' ' there would not be the slightest danger of introducing three parts 

 bred sires; for whatever the bad qualities may be, the Cape mars 

 cannot be said to be wanting in breeding — on the contrary there is 

 generally too much of it." He proceeds to discuss the various half 

 breds which may do as a good first instalment for second-class mares, 

 serving their fillies to the right type of Thoroughbred. 



Clevelands : Good upstanding Clevelands would be good sires 

 if the right type is selected ; but they are often inclined to be long 

 in the barrel, slack ribbed-up and to run to leg; avoiding such 

 points a good Cleveland should produce fine harness horses when 

 mated to selected Cape mares. Some ten years ago and earlier, 

 Clevelands were great favorites; but their reputation seemed to 

 have been the result of a boom for they fell into disfavor as quickly, 

 only to come up again some time later ; they seem to have served 

 their time in South Africa and as a first instalment stallion he is 

 to-day only used as a last resource. His progeny are often too long 

 in the leg and long in the barrel, and somehow or other they will 

 not trot over the same distance with such comparative ease as would 

 the sons of other half bred sires; it seems, however, that the mis- 

 take lies more in the selection of both the sire and dam. Mr. Rob- 

 ertson a very successful breeder of thoroughbred stock in Colesberg 

 district remarks that "Cleveland bays are absolutely useless — out 

 here they seem to lose all character and being a long loose built 

 animal, his faults are intensified in his progeny. ' '•^" Another breeder 

 Mr. Schimpers of the famous Hanglip stud of over half a century's 

 fame also used Clevelands once but has taken to Thoroughbreds 

 once more ; although he thinks that as first instalment sires they 

 did very well. 



Norfolk Trotter : He is often a cross with a cart mare and the 

 greatest care should be used to get a clean-limbed, pure -bred animal. 

 He is cheaper than a good Thoroughbred, or even a first class Hack- 

 ney and if well chosen he would do well as a first instalment. Hack- 

 neys, Oldenburghs, Ostfriesiaus and breeds of that type both in 

 breeding and size will probably make the best sires for grading and 

 developing the average brood mare for breeding excellent remounts 

 and carriage horses ; they have generally, when some care is taken, 



(26) Agricultural Journal of the Cape Colony Vol. XXVI. 



