129 



9478, 3158, fu coal, Xew Zealand. 



Asphaltum, or Mineral JPitcli ; a mixture o£ various hydro- 

 carbons, often found occupying small lakes. Specimens from 

 Cuba, Trinidad, Prance, Eussia, and California. Pictures of 

 asphaltum mining in California will be found on the east wall. 



Elaterite, or Elastic Bitumen ; dark-coloured elastic masses, 

 resembling ozokerite in composition. Drifted boulders are 

 found on the shores of Glenelg (South Australia, 5925) and of 

 Hummock Island (Bass Strait, 8787). The source of \\'hich 

 is not known. 



Gilsonite ; Utah (8404). Gilsonite is of great value in the 

 preparation of certain Tarnishes. 



Alhertile; Canada (3143), 



Situminous Limestone ; France (9990-1). 



Fetroletim Oil ; Eastern States of North America. The oil 

 here occurs in the Trenton Series, which is of Upper Silurian 

 age. The strata are only slightly inclined. The oil-bearing beds 

 are reached by deep wells, the oil rising by hydrostatic pressure. 

 The oil occurs in elongated areas lying parallel to the Appalachian 

 Chain. In Virginia these areas have been shown to be along 

 the crests of the folded strata. The oil, which is undoubtedly 

 becoming exhausted in some centres, is supplied to industrial 

 works by an extensive system of piping. 



6951, 6946, 6944, 6941, bituminous limestones from various 

 places. 



6945, Illinois; a geode of quartz and chalcedony saturated with 

 oil. 



6952-5, oil-bearing sands, principally from Yirginia. 



Califorma. — The basis of the Californian oil is aspJialtiim, not 

 paraffin as in the Eastern States. The oil occurs in highly tilted 

 strata of Tertiary age, thus differing widely from the Eastern 

 occurrence ; in consequence it does not rise to the surface 

 naturally, and has to be pumped. 



