195 



APPENDIX C. 



Glossary. 



Arboreficent. — Plant-like in form. 



Alluvial. — Clay, sand, and gravel deposited by running water. 



Anhydrous. — A term applied to minerals into whose composition water 

 does not enter. 



Argentiferous. — Containing silver. 



Auriferous. — Containing gold. 



Botryoidal. — Resembling a bunch of grapes in form. 



Breccia. — A rock composed of angular fragments cemented together. 



Calcareous. — Containing lime. 



Carbonaceous. ■ — Containing carbon. 



Cement. — Gravel or sand cemented together into a coherent mass. 



Cleavage (of minerals). — The property possessed by manj^ minerals of 

 splitting into flakes with parallel faces. 



Cleavage (of rocks). — See page 174. 



Concretionary. — The formation of rounded masses of various substances 

 subsequent to the consolidation of the rocks containing them, 



Conglomerate. — A rock composed of pebbles cemented together. 



Crushing (of rocks). — This refers to the fracturing and distortion of rock 

 masses under the intense pressure caused by movements of the Crust of the 

 Earth. 



Dendritic. — Moss : or fern-like in form. 



Demidation. — The destruction of rocks by water, waves, &c. 



Diabase. — A dolerite or other allied I'ock in which secondary minerals 

 such as chlorite have arisen fi'om alteration. 



Druse. — A cavity lined with small crystals. 



Dyke. — A wall-like mass of igneous rock cutting across other rocks. 



Faidting. — See page 



Felspathic. — Containing felspar or its decomposition products. 



Flux. — Any material which forms a fusible compound (slag) with the 

 gangue of an ore that is being smelted. 



Gangue. — Those constituents of a mineral lode that have no direct 

 commercial value. 



Gem-sand. — A general term for coarse or iine sand consisting largely of 

 zircon, spinel, garnet, &c. 



Gossan.- — The spongy ferruginous material frequently found capping a 

 mineral lode. 



