ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS, MANCHESTER 205 



large cage (90 by 18 feet), replete with amusements, 

 such as tlie village pump and well, the great wheel, 

 aerial flight, rocking-horse, and automatic running 

 donkeys, that never fail to please the animals and 

 cause endless fun to the spectators. The side cages 

 usually contain specimens of the larger baboons and 

 the more delicate monkeys and lemurs. The house 

 is lofty and well lighted. Ventilation is amply 

 provided by the removal of all the windows at one end, 

 as experience has proved that the monkeys live much 

 better in the fresh air. Formerly, with the house 

 kept hot and close, the mortality was high. Now, 

 with free access to the open air, it is much lower, and 

 every morning the whole troop can be seen sitting in 

 the sunshine even when the ground is snow -covered. 

 But even these animals suffer much more severely 

 than those that are made to endure all the rigour and 

 changes of our climate with no artificial heat whatever. 

 The baboons, Rhesus, Bonnet, and Bingtail, all seem 

 to improve under this regime ; two drills, turned out 

 as babies six years ago, are now perhaps the finest of 

 their kind in Europe, and the tonic is so efficacious 

 that ailing monkeys removed from indoors often 

 recover with surprising rapidity. 



Such success suggested a similar open-air cage for 

 the chimpanzees, but with a heated inner chamber. 

 These delicate animals can often be seen enjoying the 

 fresh air even in winter. It is the custom here to 

 educate these anthropoids, two of which, named re- 

 spectively Consul I. and TL, developed quite extra- 

 ordinary intelligence, so great in one case as to merit 

 and receive in life a biography that had a much larger 



