THE 
Jury 31, 1875.] 
GARDENERS 
CHRONICLE. 
135 
found that, with the exception of the Cupressinze 
(under reservation of the genera Cryptomeria, biet 
odium and Fi am oya), all the genera could be diffe 
tiated anatomic 
8 
һе draws the char ыы which 
nce and position of th 
hypoderm чке, the number 4 place of the тела 
canals. mis a term applie Dr. 
Kraus of Erlangen to the thickened cells which often 
idermal 
ositi it occupies whe 
dE agg from the following sections of the leaves 
of two or three of them, where H represents it or 
portions of it in all the species П 
5 it isabsent altogether. I 
thick-walled sclerenchyma-like bast cells. The resin 
canals are indicated in the sections by R C, and they 
vary in number and position in different groups or 
genera, and even in а species of the e 
genus ; E represents the epidermis. 
ore we adopt these characters as of specific 
Meg it = are two or three 
st of them ыо ее 5 
е бен: ере 
This is for experiment, and Ia appy to say that 
there is every рос. а е" verification igi be 
y one of botanists. Dr. 
Nab, Professor of Botany i in the Royal PRA of 
Science for Ireland, has already commenced to do so 
iocarpa 
a synonym of ge , but Professor тео 
distinct. Now, if we were sure 
had часала "his syn nie upon 
the anatomical ебе of the leaf, then we pma 
o 
the part of his aoe plished) м pus the grounds 
on which he hasa trived at his s onomy, е cannot 
tell whether asiocarpa 
o be internal or extern nds. 
grandis -i groun 
Behar the next Dart of his paper may disclose this. 
= yet the plates relating to the Firs have not 
appear ie 
s in the meantime assume that his anatomical 
of observation, 
other words, e anatomical cbaract 
re bly constant, and let us then see how, on hi 
own showing, they will work. The first thing I 
s 
generic, that is, the same i of a gen 
this is arare exception, and that wet A they merely 
i ce 
E. Taeda has no resin vere 
as four, iensis and tw 
others айу three ; ~ À the Cembras, the M клин 
excelsa three, In the two- 
has five resin canals, 
Bu 
or 
TIE 
3 
a] 
о 
-Wherever there is а di 
and 
ё their histological organisation,” 
alis bi 
e 
culata, P. australis, P. iniana, Ca i and 
Pes amiana, present the same anatomical struc 
ture P. ponderosa.”  ** Ab ordmanniana 
appears to me scarcely t pectinata, 
Fr raseri, ficca P. orie 
nigra 
tis microsperma, and japonica from P. odi” 
d so on. 
here is no doubt that in many of the above cases 
the кыш са identity cerresponds with the natural 
t few will be 
Fic, 26,—PICEA CONCOLOR. 
niana common Silver, but б. ате іо Кее 
the three Cedars distinct. * are not only to keep 
distinct, but to MA in different scien Abies bi рзд 
and А. firma, although we believe it has 
fond that the se is only the young Se of 
the latter; while we are to unite A. bracteata and 
A. re igiosa—two as distinct species as mé M 
pojat out, ma 
thes se anat veris diti cannot be wet ed to any 
seriousrearrangement ofthe Conifers. That they may be 
very useful in aid of the old characters in decypher- 
to the 
FiG, 27-—PICEA LASIOCARPA, 
ing species, when once their ipee in such 
species is pe thentically settled, I do ispute. 
therfore, I would go mee a nd say that t ese 
ay even prove useful in 
erate to distinguish d ; but they do not seem 
of that nature or importance to warrant us in ерт Д 
them as of rita! СЯ сең ith sou er on 
Бей own pla angement su ples w ut 
I think is a eer анз. of ms relative value. 
Fic, 28.—r1CEA GRANDIS. 
e establishes a section (Pnesiot, A I shall not 
r, but in whic laces the 
eople have peras thought of a 
section for it and ne ж eus others (Hookeriana and 
o 
pá 
о 
о 
ага 
lock Spruce and the Spruces 
of P. Dongle. р.) 
cones and 
of which ы escription q by Mr. 
unfortunately docs not tell peu. the ер аге 
he scales caduco 
nt or erect, and t 
trit | and lastly P. nobilis. I have peer Pee d 
to fin d special characters on which this section is 
based in Mr. Bertrand's diagnose, but ve not 
succeeded, some characters ** comme chez les 
suga,” others Sponge to all the sections, but nothing 
Eco far aT е, that is s e says, 
к the P. nobilis a pa P, сыг beve very 
great resemblances other,” not 
indicate where they lie. lie “We all know that тата аге 
very marked differences between them, such as that 
the cone of nobilis is that of a Silver, while unt of 
vs unes is persistent like that of the Spruc 
e t are the resemblances or ote 
ot. it ich are to overru ese important dif. 
ferences, it would be premature to condemn this new 
arrangement; only at the fi lush it is rather 
blush 
encourage our faith in 
cis ich it arises, or in the author 
hall try how these new characters 
apply to the rarer Conifers which - have been pre- 
viously considering. Andrew Murr 
THE POTATO DISEASE. 
UNFORTUNATELY, with the new light thrown on the 
life-history and the resting-spores of the Potato disease 
y the valuable experiments of Mr. Worthington 
Smith, so lucidly illustrated and described by that 
gentleman in your us all under the 
gain"broken out with a spontaneity and an energy 
beyond precedent. It can hardly said to have 
come unex Potato crop, "P till now, 
he 
has been one of тойо promise, e recent rains, 
however, have produced an жон aH lesigth and 
f stem. Both these were sources o 
All, however, generally promised well until 
ое the last two or three weeks, The early crops, 
mewhat more watery than usual, were a beautiful 
ye and of fair gu. The late ones made un- 
e 
ball, Red Regents, Flukes, &c., were allsimply magni- 
ficent. But the heavy rains and semi-saturated 
sphere and soil, combined with the soft succulent 
growth of the Potato plants, have at t length ee 
the X i 
more than usual rapidity. Its fatal effects are эшк 
of diseased Potatos is wafted ab 
breeze. The resting- spores, now pro 
5 
v 
vital conditions most favourable to their development, 
and have made haste to possess the Potato plant and 
its produce, and lay both low in rottenness. 
к — be done р ai its progress or save 
the cr ? Such 
as bres "the sorrowful query did hundreds of times 
during the past weeks, as Ihave examined sc f cot- 
to make the enemy more powerful 
by showing that it is always lurking near, ready to 
strike when conditions of earth, air, and plants are 
most favourable. 
m 
о it seems as if the 
Peronospora had completely over-matched our skill to 
destroy it. We know better what it is, and also seem 
more unable to cope with it. Meanwhile, in its more 
common and well-known form,it is sweeping down 
our crops by wholesale, - converting thousands of 
tons of wholesome food into loathsome rottenness, 
As w БРТ arrest de destructive force ы this 
disease, not save something by lifti 
Potato e at Lind is is w 
r years, and each season's experience proves it the 
best method of savi of the crop. 
soil with the tops either on or off d on mostly 
runs through to the bitter end ; lifted as soon as 
the disease is seen on the leaf, and before i it has time 
it not better to 
than to have none? Besides, quality is very m 
matter of storing. Interlayer the Potatos with ed 
and even miniature Potatos are not bad eating. As 
to rotting after lifting, this only happens when 
t 
they were 
