262 
THE 
ior Sek 
CHRONICLE. 
[AUGUST 28, 1875. 
tree, of sli m growth, commonly 20 feet high, oe 
sometimes эйт a height v 30 or 40 feet, 
о 
B 
40 
The leaves are similar i in 
shape to ut — and 
— somewhat е even when old. The fruit is 
of medium size, with broad and somewhat spreading 
Round-leaved Maple, Acer circinatum.— 
on in the for of Oregon and 
Northern California. It does not have the upright 
growth of other Maples, but gon n clumps, several 
gi e root, and spreading - i 
h 
ing to the ground, where they take roo 
tangled =. which ofler ep €— to 
travel in the occur It seldom 
heavy, and grai he leaves 
seven principal ribs, spreading out fan-like [S т 
е to the circumference, united together more than 
cm way, and terminating in about seven narrow 
9. The —— Maple, Acer me rem 
is is a native of California and Oregon. In the 
latter State it icon to attain its mie magnitude, 
ing, according to Nuttall, a height of 50 to 90 
and mference of k of 8 I6 feet. 
Like the Sugar Maple, it abounds in a sugary sap, 
er, has not been 
, hard, | shows freely ‘those peculiar 
\ 1 of the which are — Curled 
and Bird's-eye M The leaves are large, 
aple. unfre- 
quenti a pu long, and deeply palmately firi lobe. 
rather ilia 
* 
es, 
ts a ет gue appear- 
эе m сыре than "e 
F 
5 
[^] 
r American ad a overed e 
when ripe with strong, sut has, and hans ae upon 
e tree in conspicuous oping race 
i veas aci ес 
makes a fine ornamental tree, It is a pity that 
so little = = us portions of the United Staten. 
TRADE PRODUCTS OF LEH. 
UNDER the above title Dr. Aitchison has 
piled a book which has recently been published i in 
Calcutta, and though it is not confined exclusively to 
natu 
the ral products of Leh or the s ing 
country, but indiscriminate trade terms for all kinds 
of commercial ' ed alphabetically 
with those which come thin o in 
many curious facts are recorded on the natural 
resources of this somewhat remote part of the East, 
that we prefer to treat of them here rather than to 
By the use of the term trade products 
many articles are included which find their way into 
Leh from various parts of India, or through Leh into 
Lhassa, &c. Thus, there are some interesting facts 
connected with the Tea trade, from which we learn 
that some years bac 
es that 
ndia, 
” Dr. Aitchiso: from Shaw's 
Hi High 1 Жл, ** a form of brick Tea called "Kullacha, 
the bricks made in lengths -$ ы кы imported direct 
Írom China to Yarkand. these long bricks 
made a horse- vh two Vea pak on either side. 
alls, 
greatly sought after for supply- 
ng the classes in This is a "pus 
iy er pne tured article a refuse, called in the 
trade “роја cha.” Whether of it comes 
direct from 
be no doubt as to its being te 
both in Calcutta and Amritsu 
for the Cen: 
up the Tea 
vegetal more easily 
used as substitutes, the princi 
stainable ae wed a subtitles the pi кы 
i of balls t 
them 
5. 
other hand, make a regular soup of their "ue mixing 
at An = butter, flour, the dried flesh of Apricots, 
t called *phu li,’ occasionally adding M E 
What 31 tasted ч К: Prec ne the author, ‘* had 
ss of phuli (salt) I could эк bet 
But thi 
ns. - саса іп r it i 
asty с tion." In mir the natives 
drink their Zang - [3 са of а decoction, in which 
they mix numerous s 
Deere Mà and so m 
narco 
in lar, ge quantities. 
esent ruler r 
w gro 
duc om uct 
f each farm, which is never ve eat, is 
in the shape of small balls, which are collected from 
e several farms iddle-men, b urrus 
ud the original ball, but tlie inferior kinds are 
nto bundles, and often very largely adul- 
ond chiefly with the mealy part of the fruit of an 
leagnus, pro ortensis, specimens of 
which, by Dr, Aitchison, are in the Mus at 
Kew. The urrus is produced i Бг Каг- 
to Bukhara and The —« of 
Postgraum and Kurgilik is of inferior ÉD mx 
from the last-named place having the worst repu 
a both for the actual quality of the га itself, as 
Leh. Dr. Aitchison says what he saw was consider 
by traders as but third-rate, and from their sms 
ood 
eren! 
* er oily, clay- 
brown tint, with a strong, pungent, 
of an на Знае easant nature, which, when broken, has 
much 
the appearance 
This deceptio of Churrus agrees perfectly wi wh 
some fine specimens in gr’ dis iy Fan where three 
E ariii are exhibited, s y years since from 
arkand by Colonel динен tc and a dis- 
wee form, also aera in Jg above eese and 
eceived vad fom epal i has the appearance of a com- 
which has 
E a Todd Mam ina та plastic or semi-fluid. state. а 
continuation of an account 
к at p. 494 of lack, iger and Hanbury’ 5 i iex 
cil dia we quote Dr. Aitchison’s own words. He 
ө Sü to the oleo-resinous — of its particles, 
good Churrus should separate y, but if much 
exposed to heat, the POE с rapidly dete- 
riorates, losing its essential oil, its particles e less 
coherent, and it grad om dry mud 
in consistency, as well as much lighter in weight ; where 
it has already been adulterated, these changes take place 
much morerapidly. The high prices given for this cà in 
to. Nearly all the Churrus that reaches yes is e 
wn over the vei ; eac ines is oblong, and usuall 
has a portion of the cloth at each corner left out so as to 
act as ting the load, and w seers or 
120 Ib. a v load, and 
at ey fall into a hill torrent, 
eps heavy ied а ream.” 
** Upon entering British territory all Ch: has to 
taken nearest m. te, before whomit is weighed 
and , a certificate of the weight bein erts to the 
owner, who is responsible for its “ee эы» same 
as that entered in the certificate, and for the seals re- 
maining uninjured. "The trader - only sell legally to 
a licensed wholesale purchaser, о has obt taine d his 
t 
produced 
by the p o oeng credited to the revenue as part of the 
Abkair 
» Before leaving d E the Pasa d hee obtain a 
take the 
S to go 
hurrus isliable to We examined 
mm any suspicion arise of its having been tampered 
we Taking into consideration that the growing and col- 
lectin 
in the where it is produced, and the enor rmous 
profit it gives sto the merchant conveying it to India, aswell 
азо су. - have the m monopoly of its 
pon the authorities the 
y heavy im 
WIIOL 
strongly urge 
S 
of the crimes which they have committed can be traced 
ack to its uence. So little do persons know what 
they are doing when affected by it, that to my know- 
ledge a European, who for amusemen 
given to him a servant, was foun 
wandering about a military cantonment, so 
б» for the murder of his intended wife and mother 
which was committe d while he was under the baneful 
influence o 
о a subject ы a widely different 
Era; that o ийне ure of paper, a subject 
t has оса ен attention on Account of 
the softness and tenacity of Indian papers, which 
vx aphne papyracea—a 
has been credited with pro- 
9 ant t 
ducing the so-called India proof-paper, but which has 
lately been nto be a Chinese manufacture pe 
young B bae learn that no paper is now 
made in Ladak. All that is required for use there is 
imported са ре mt dp ries of Turkestan, 
Kashm &c. rs when paper 
fetched a higher prise in man е Ladak PU 
o make its fro: of the roots of 
m 
penn ny stiches All the pap = Lhassa see 
to be made from this material, which, from the speci- 
one great objection ing a 
soil, On those arid "hills are few plants 
one of the few that yield meon so that if it were 
collected for exportation the little grazing there is 
would be diminish 
Dr. Aitchison endorses what Royle said so far back 
as 1839 in ad the i of the North 
American Sugar Maple тт saccharinum) into the 
valleys and x of the Himalaya, but considers it 
would of great nett to the people in many 
parts of Kashmir and Ladak. Yon R. Jackson, Kew, 
CELERY, ITS CULTURE AND 
CHARACTERISTICS. 
akes rank amongst the most popular of 
salad plants, though its use as such cannot be said to 
species, has been long noted, and often praised for 
its highly meritorious medicinal properties. 
i wild 
particularly around the Isle of Thanet—and elsewhere. 
The names originally given to this particular 
one belonging to the family generally, viz., Apium— 
sometimes Apium palustre, as belonging to the water; 
MUT La 
AN е 
