r AUGUST 28, 1875.] 
IHE 
GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
271 
1: 3 
shape is very much like those of an ordinary Apple. 
E pu vas them freshly gathered, vm in the 
, ог prese j ast way 
тыр ате vere nice, when freshly done, bui apt to get 
toug h or leathery by keeping. 
The little t€: Myricaceze, which contains several 
of tpe б uch as those species of 
of pes ch yield such large 
к € tay one. às candle- 
“quantities of wax as re rs 
S, furn 
native cou 
ate 
n cooked. "The plant is 
ruit, 
| cultivated entirely for the sake of its 
Melons » Ginger, and other products which ordinarily 
occur in ‘trop cal countries are, of course, included 
mon: Japan, but we will pass on to the 
consideration of those seeds which are of an oleaginous 
nature, are used chiefly for the sake of 
their oils. most amongst these is the Sesamum 
i е two varieties of Seite. the black and the 
yt. 
Ё 
m 
E 
an lon, two- valved 
апа two-celled мыр: үз fruit, each cell containing a 
number of small flattened seeds, 
an immense quantity of S of уйе бус en 
is expressed and used n 
variety of other purposes, Medea it is 
‘substituted for and mixed with Olive oil, as well as 
with o The pm gn are, moreover, used 
as food, after the expression of the oil, The plant i 
per E анна in most warm countries for 
the sa 
бетү 5 i» Mu 
a 
nese (Camellia a menio a 
and very similar in appearanc kno 
Camellia japonica. It is found in man rts of 
. China and Japan, and the seeds, which are irregularly 
three-sided, about the size of a Hazel-nut, are largely 
ed for the se of 85 t il, whic 
h M 
To obtain thé 
e 
"yrs 
eaten in a raw state 
agre 
d oil, used for 
| Another r plant, sa gre of which are spem ie is the 
Torreya nucifer mall evergreen tree or shrub 
i `ахасее. The fruits 
with a 
ingle seed, 
hard, bony, brown- ms ed shell, very рата both 
| in shape and a appearance to the seeds of Carya olivæ- 
o be 
7 bris quantities of which were at one time t 
seen in shop windows in га under the name of 
ugh t of t 
gre 
L The other seeds valued nls for their oils are 
; Pop н Кар Hem 
urning now ^ farinaceous substances, other than 
Кы referred t oduced from p or 
| grains, we find ` sein or two овце: s, from 
‘the rhizome of Pteris — is prepared a en white 
‘starch- like meee but how 
ld, 
"preparing for table the young unopened fronds of the 
which are included in this remarkable 
1 ntroduced into Spain, about the 
. middle of the ped E large quantities of 
_ the tuberous roots car ‘ing sent both from Spain and the 
. Canary Islands to this o At the present time 
the plant is cultivated in considerable n == 
| таннар even in Southern Europe. ia: the rerum 
_ States of America the Quem is — а very valu- 
food crop. ew are eaten either — 
or boiled, or grate nd gem into puddings ; 
_ also manufactured $e n them and largely u sed, beside 
hich, on the plantations, they furnish a large quan- 
ity o! of food for cattle, Several varieties re known, 
| some with white tubers ind others with le they 
. also vary much in size, the average weight being fr 
| me to 4 lb. че ch, but i — countries they 
much à о Тһе flour, as 
e ~ apanese, is very vi and white. 
er very white starch in the лиа is labelled 
: 
EF 
| afe lous C ег, s 
i a in TE r mass of var ape f° 
eis же set Lio e to tee eye nh the 
as being prepared from Pueraria tuberosa, a mox 
Legum inous plant, native of the Himalayas, It has, 
r 
m these о used 
reduce ME joins ts use as a 
food plant is not mentioned in any book to hich we 
have referred, 
The T Caladium esculentum, or Colocasia 
esculenta, 
= 
a 
"o 
uch a quantity of starch as 
staple article of diet in many coun 
are the seeds 
‚апа the fruits of Qua 
information is give 
Lad Y that they are Sig prs in a food сана 
h n La cand рац, rm oe 
g 
) ; they are spare a olea- 
ginous, and fave a similar flavour to a Walnut. 
Amongst lichens one sical ae occurs, w. 
appears to be a species of Gyrophor: 
oche, a 
rishing properties, and 
I ves eta arctic ‘travellers. иш fungi are 
о new species occurring amongst them, 
prov isionally r mue M Mr. agone E ao iret 
ropus) russaticeps a "— asperatum, The oth 
species is Hirneola (xa) z rufa, 
The dee 
h arations do, "etit du be ass мый 
too generally hap rem plants, an 
eat i of the Japanese in theif 
us, i 
tion to be a spe 
dish purple 
fine thread- like em ced looking like tangled thread 
or cotton, of a orig t red colour, is prepared ; from 
this species also is рса а nd of Veios of 
i, 
as red, white 
a Rec P AME appeara nce, but probably not suited 
to the taste van Euro . We e ve not, however, 
been tempted to try the flavour of these, but some 
icles of food and con- 
fectionary we attempted to solve by the sense of 
taste, which, ^ ever, was not easily effected, an 
resulted only in ing our previous opinion that 
onfirm 
all the ge looked better than they really 
were, 7. 
THE FRUITS OF PALESTINE. 
THE extent of Palestine is not in any way commen- 
xs with the important place ne it has occupied 
in area 
in and profane hist tory. rger 
than Ron and diversified in like manner with 
mountains, lakes, rivers, and plains of great fertility, 
it formed a kind of neutral ground between Assyria 
and Egypt. The only road by which the two great 
rivals of the ancient world could approach one another 
—by which alone Egypt could get to Assyria, and 
Assyria to Egypt—lay along the broad flat strip of 
coast which formed the maritime portion of the Holy 
Land, and thence by the plain of the Lebanon to the 
us it me the convenient arena on 
i the hostile Powers who dis- 
amongst the recesses of the many woody hills and 
intricate valleys we y presume 
that there are inhabitants have lived 
whose 
on from age to age undisturbed by the invasions which 
have successively visited the more open and accessible 
parts of the сошшу. Тһе cme a a in the 
Scriptures as the *'land fl wi 
honey," e: at first glance i. the Вен 
wished to reconcile the Jews to the 
ere about to enter, 
map rd = — 
et 
able colours. Upon the whole, however, in spite 
sta Ap diac to m ee н on is b 
quity Judea was very car 
fully cultivated, and notwithstanding thegreat density 
under n it is said to have 
emblem of the country, e aromatic plants 
that grew in the uncultivated the wild 
bees with the honey which they stored in the hollows 
of roots and trees tab ceis confirm 
subsequently sd Maundrell, who states that the smell 
from the hone wax we pd e places 
xd had been The 
omegranate, Olive, Da dts isle and hated, 
€ the list of recorded fruits, but there have 
,an y 
which are once tems in the Bible. Iti is not, , however, 
possi ble to form a 
in antiquity from t the condition in which we find it at 
the present day, seeing that for centuries it been 
subjected to every species of oppressi 
The soil of the plains is exceedingly ѓе t 
hese are mostly whilst the rocky ridges of 
ie meme more ome s of the 
essive 
.0 
E 
= 
Е 
B 
RE 
Е; 
(8 
= 
|: 
and shows what the coun igh me were it 
once rid of baneful influence of the Turkish 
eni ebano ost every male 
vernm n th n alm 
inhabitant is a ae proprietor, and in the ne 
bourhood of Be a 
land-holders, w 91 
white Mul 
D A among t 
ve estates, съ they either cultivate on their own 
Ар or let out to farming tenants. 
tree flourishes on the co 
rai is to ime them prt Fok pat of 
the silk for taking care of the worms and reeling oft 
cocoons are k sp. which are 
simple reed одне without any roof. The oil har- 
vest has of late years been асаа improved, Pd 
by t of 
its quantity хма nted the introduction 
presses from 
The western 
of the Oro: 
spurs, 
pat so as to project, like Mount 
bol on the coasts. 
ranges are far the inc fertile portions of t the m 
o-syria, though fertile itself, ds 
= barren heights. 
e 
full of prec 
desolate 
line is watered by numerous small vetat 
the Mediterranean, which ramen greatly to ferti- 
lise the land, but ese none er eem The 
poi A is the Dead Sea ; the” next in 
or Gennesaret the theatre of К some of 
is lake is said to 
said to possess two climates, one very 
me which i is that of the coast and the interior plains, 
such as those of Baalbec, Antioch, Tripoli, Gaza; P 
the other, or that of the mo ountains, at 
ight, стрел 
t parts the 
seasons, as EI i the eq uantity of rain w 
are very variable. The winter in the plains is so - 
anana, and other 
moderate that the Orange, 
delica е res flourish in the open ай, and it appests 
