484 THE 
GARDENERS 
CHRONICLE. 
OCTOBER 6, 1875, 
— — — New br, which had been 
eight days en е, and were packed under the 
auspices oan of the Allegret Refrigerator Company. They 
were, on the whole, i in fair condition. The estimates 
of t crop of Peaches are of remarkable 
magnitude, the aggregate number kets being 
fixe m 8,000,000 to 10,000,000 from the - 
an elaware insula h 
pottles, but good sensible baskets, holding about 
ch. ous e ing made to 
find markets for the yield, and e enterprise 
A speci 
e Baltimore and Ohio 
ities of the West ; 
ed to transport the fruit to New 
rn cities, and the o. 
Steamship Company of Philadelphia is said to 
fitted up huge gioi in its vessels, to catty 
25,000 to cases to Liverpool each trip 
By these ion tors fruits and vegetables of the 
months in a thoroughly fresh 
emperature outside was 
New Jersey is another State моко noted -— - 
immense uce of Peaches, Orchards of 1o, 
are not ors dim in that С ; $ 
pro- 
ims 
portant branch o d profit. 
EM TUN o the growing of the теь, 
ich finds its market іп Philadelphia, New York, 
Boston, and Albany, each growing is still in- 
—new orchards are set ou fes to 
years, and when cut down furnish a p amount of fuel, 
equal in value, when seasoned, to Hickory wood. 
The produce varies very much, aput baies 
less than a bushel per tree ; in a full bearin 
trees will reach as — 
quarters of a bushel Even when 
is not more than one-fifth of a basket per tree, the 
remunerative, and this year the average 
s three baskets. The production of 
and Apricots in — California, and other 
States is al is also ve n California one orchar 
uba 
weight of Pea ch 
ig of a solid block of frui 
among which are Pea e trees of sixteen varieties, 
and 3000 Apricot trees of I2 varieties. 
theo shin 7 
It коз sh eae gin ama ts 
apparently indigenous ; but original са ome 
ed. It is believed that this fruit has been 
produced очай the world from the stock origin- 
ally obtained in Pers 
The A ies ане рей dish of rad 
and cream a great luxury ; and 
plentiful is the crop that Peaches are used S ЫБ 
places to swine, want of facilities to get 
them to a tive market. 
ches are preserved for shipment in several 
ways. They are sliced and dried н maid eva 
1 Mr. Boy — 
pivot or axle, thus exposing the fru 
different degrees of heat. The advan 
re pro- 
duc ed is manifest. - Most fruits are ponia perishable 
in their natural state, and this method, when the 
market i is over- — ape them over to the fol- 
trade 
re air- 
in boiling water. If motives of economy 
peated; it is better not to sweeten the frat, en fruit, except 
{| for walls. Bricks are best ; bein 
ars and Peaches, whose flavour is improved by it, 
for the fruit will not keep any er. 
i i whole Peaches is 
fifteen minutes, and half Peaches Ames minutes, The 
proportion of sugar to be added to си fruit is 4 oz. to 
the quart. The quantity of fruit p: 
jui eived here is 
ard of Tra urn, the 
7,702,191 1Ь,, чане i ii "£98, 242. 
HOW TO FORM A KITCHEN 
AND FRUIT GARDEN. 
KITCHEN venum exem be poc басти 
from north and north-east winds; where, therefore, 
ially. This may be effected by planting belts of 
evergreens on the bleak sides of them, or by raising 
the walls on exposed positions somewhat higher than 
on the others, so as to break the force z cold blasts. 
The best aspect for a kitchen and fruit garden is 
the south or south-east. ile rec iesu + the 
garden to be in a well.sheltered spot, it must at the 
same time be exposed to the full action of the morn- 
ing and evening sun. e n the south side 
of the garden 5 sho uld be somewhat dowd than those 
on the north. Shaded borders or borders on the north 
sides of south ds are not of much value ; few vege- 
tables grow well on them, and with the exception ot 
Morello Cherries e black Currants, &c., few fruits 
succeed on such an 
The kitchen ein should always be at some little 
distance from the house, but a t the same time it 
accessible ere choice c had, the ground 
should slope y to the south or south-east, or i 
may be quite level ground ; that sloping to the north 
in the latter fogs are apt 
are common, both of 
which bei t t crops. 
Soil is an important consideration for a kitchen 
gan The most useful is careous sandy loam 
a dry gravelly bottom ; in this nearly all 
vegetables ай fruits suc is easily worked, 
means сеш to keep i in order. A heavier 
loam ie $ be 
crops ; but for early vegetables, t емтр әр! raising 
of seeds, sandy loam is Me If € e, how- 
ever, is not an object, while ter inion should 
consist or this kind of soil, either naturally or 
ficially, it would be useful in some cases e have a 
portion stronger and another much lighter, in order 
to suit some plants that may require stronger = "lighter 
material to 
tter fitted for the majority of fruit 
a dry, po 
, never ess t t 
d if not naturally so deep as that, it should be тай 
upt to the required depth artifi cially, 
a a square or at least a rectangle, for in ben all 
aeunonents whieh may be тиркей in the way of 
dr eR er operations of that sort, 
can be ak iris readily than they could be under 
any circumstances, and greater can 
observed in all matters relating t о сне besides 
effecting a considerable saving of time and labour. 
ү bles or fruits themselves 
egetables 
grow equally well on an irregular piece of grou 
on any ve but as kitchen gardens are течны 
1 
епс means о for the double purpose o 
assisting " ripening of fruits and of affording shelter, 
he of the consequently greatly 
during the peri 
wanted. The sun's gres atest heating powers are in the 
diva: therefore, it is evident that a wall with a 
warmer than one with a 
MM this has been proved to be th 
it follows wd a wall has a been ed south- 
ctis, and must 
о 
wall to be just inclined a little to the south-east, the 
west wall would, 
a little more to the south. Two good 1 
thus d, on which the choicer kinds of fruit 
trees, viz., ches, Nectarines, &c., might be grown. 
Let me now say a few words as regards mate materials 
heat by day, giving it out at night, 
warding off cold, and even 
considerable eos elapses before ie qut get cooled down 
to the level of the surrounding tem As 
regards the height of een that must vary ; much 
epends on the size of the garden. In a small enclo. 
ht, and 
two side walls to be 8 feet, while the south wall ma ay 
pir ai The larger the garden, how. 
т should be the walls, but none need 
hen the situation and form of the kitchen төз. 
has been deci upon, the next point to determ 
the conformation of the ground ; the latter mms 
apparently level, but of this we must make ourselves 
quite certain. This having been ascertai 
may have to be 
which — ditto is drai 
most important mater » — to most 
soils and Бай ons. It shou e before trench- 
any other earthwork "ales “I "ons 
n ascertaine d. 
the case in all good gardens now in existence, 
тї e + 2. 1 31 11 Jal 1 2%. 
tion of walks should next command attention—that is, 
ais may be hollowed out, all the good soil in 
thrown on the borders. 
made will form tiii for stones, | broken 
Ina walled-in kitchen ric. of 
ape the most convenient position for the 
arden 
walk leading from 
accessible, is one main 
ve 
north to ata деса the middle à the is and - 
this will be the principal and most ortant path- 
an enclosure of, say, an acre. Then a wa 
to west should cross this, thus comm the ground - 
should 
into four 
compassing the 
important one, c 
fruit 
width of the wall borders must be determined 
by ibe height of the wall, its situation, aspect, and 
10 feet m hei о хе а Бог 
width. of the south aspect border, how: 
ein which th t and most she 
of the ground, it is mh E 
conveniently be secured—say 15 or 18 feet. On 
this border all the early vegetables will have to be 
raised, such as first crops of Peas, Potatos, &c. The 
borders on the east and west aspects should also be 
about IO or 12 feet in width, and the one with the 
asp side of should be 
nor € 
about 8 feet in width. Besides these wall borders it 
is desirable to form эра of a similar width along 
walk on 
both sides of the s, and on the other 
or inner side of T other mue. thus making borders 
n both sides of the al nd, these outer 
ewhat на 
may encourage 
Mor it 1e frais MED TOUT, and if the trees are E 
e excavations thus | 
a walk ens — 
— piden; and dus is a very 
ting as it does the walls and 
