520 THE*CGARDENERS CHRONICLE. [OCTOBER 23, 1875, 
the bodies I refer to spermatozoids, from which they comprehe ended there is little Si in on кары. of its growth, as seen at fig. IIO, where the 
are, however, very different, The bacteria are re- seeing their characteristic form. The difficulty is | figures are all enlarged 500 diameters, the lower 
resented at H н, with their various movements (indi- | something like that experienced by beginners in group p cells shows a plant of seven days’ growth 
cated by dotted lines), either straight, zig-zag, or separating very hea and close double stars with a | in the expressed juice of horse-dung. In all these 
i i n a central axes; S 
o 
e they cause a miniature vortex кор я only one star can be seen, till quite suddenly the two | carried up by the cells, and the lower figure con. 
s. I have commonly seen one | are made out, and they are seen as two ever after- | clusively shows that the first cells of the new plant are 
segment move from side to side, as at J, whilst the wards. the large ones which belong ү: the pileus; indeed 
other segment remained quiescent. I have also seen It is not uncommon to find the spores of other | the hairs of the pileus as here shown are amongst the 
them bud from the centre, and occasionally they | dung-borne fungi sticking to the e specimens of C. | earliest cells produced, these aie and the threads of 
occur with three limbs instead of two, ае from | radiatus, and it is quite frequent to find not only the | the mycelium (which is always highly granular ear 
the central axis. The vibriones are like vegetable | spores but the perfect asci of certain species of Asco- | the plan at ue S пора one and the same in chara 
screws, and are shown at К. e spores and in- | bolus sticking to the under surface, to which position | In fig. and in fig. 111 the infant [узе w 
fusoria neither collapse nor burst in boiling. As for | they have з projected from the plants of Ascobolus mul ne a ' Duff. ball, to nas it indeed bears a a certain 
the monads, vibri and bacteria, it c I growing o emt 72. © so seen the eggs of | natural wow ship. The whole plant in infancy is 
mit at they are generated spontaneously | various Ма toid w C., carried up | enveloped in a wrapper at cells, the pum. 
from inorganic materials; my experiments rather | amongst the c N^ gus h TUE accounts for larvae being entirely uis n within. In the lower figure 
point in the direction that they are only differentiated fone found within the substance of apparently sound | on fig. 110 may be seen two Кер: diese which have 
forms of living cells. However this may be, | fun burst, andK K K К ce the cells o 
my boiling has not destroyed either vitality or form, e the works I am acquainted with there is no When the fungus has made boit the number of 
000060 
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P ap ре? F 
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W.C.S, AD, МАТ. 57. 
FIG. 109.—COPRINUS RADIATUS, F FIG, I10.—COPRINUS RADIATUS, FR. 
Spores, infant plant c, and d infusoria, е mop 1000 diam.; T at bottom Enlarged 5oo diam., as g f he spores, in exp d juice of horse-diing, under- 
er enlarged to 3ooo diam. a covering glass of microscope. 
and those interested in the subject of spontaneous | mention of the cystidia falling bodily out of the hy- | cells represented on the bottom of fig. 110, the growth 
generation may possibly read the result of the follow- | menium on tothe ground, yet this is the case in several | cannot us carried srl further beneath a covering glass. 
ing experiment with interest. | Agarics I have examined, and is so with C. radiatus. | Fig. 111 represents оп one side the elevation, and on 
specimens of C. radiatus, swarming with minute in- | The spores naturally fall to the earth, and with them Fes other: the section of the very s smallest in pwe € 
fusoria, were boiled in a test tube for five minutes and | the cystidia, and it is upon the moist earth that fer- 
then E sealed at the highest point of ebulli- | tilisation is generally carried out. АП botanists will represented i is magnified 200 page Sni tong 
the tube was opened | remember Hoffmann’s observations, where he has about half the size of a head (see А А 
| indicated the passage of basidia into cystidia, and his sketch i in margin). The M of the hairy coa font 
icroscope for examination, | remarks on the upper pee the ring which grows | which forms the veil and the cells which are to figure 
round the "middle of the n Agaricus muscarius. | the future gills, are here clearly seen. the time 
e latter motionless and apparently | In this latter position Ho а found a quantity of | shows the fungus in its Puff-ball condition at Ít car 
i wed sig gelatinous knots, Paine which projected one or more | when the cells are being el uced. hich 
vi 
ut, in thirty | oscillating threads, terminated frequently with a little | tains олія a small proportion of the actual cells w 
i hi i becomes detached. My | goto up a perfect fun ngus, and тергезеп P 
bably a fall week's growth from the spores. puilding 
is the cells have an erent property of knows: 
in 
p cem the condition of the infant plant, pa пете another. x: : 
: ` on the hymenium, fig. 104, Z, and fig. 109, is easy The ‘mycelium m now grows in a radiate manner - 
stint, "but when the peculiar shape is once {о trace the young fungus through ‘he various | from the base of the young ien just as a germinat : 
