548 IHE 
GARDENERS CHRONICLE. 
[OCTOBER 30, 1875. 
1822. This paper, by the way, with two others 
by the same author, in the Transactions of the 
Linnean Society, n xiii. and xiv., will be found 
to contain a vast amount of information relative 
to the теа, and should be carefully 
consulted by any one who may be anxi ious to 
work up the subject more completely and more 
in detail than is possible in a necessarily brief 
“To the zealous gar- 
deners of England,” he wit “and more espe- 
paper like the present. 
cially to Sir Abraham Hume, we 
with violet flowers. He 
first lived, and was sent a et Jardin de Roi at 
This is the purple variety ; it 
fr 
Paris in 1791. 
h en transmitted to this country 
eight new varieties were bets rom China 
into England in the following order: the rose 
and the buff together, in 1798; the golden- 
yellow and the quilled yellow together in 1802 ; 
the pice? усу at the latter end of the same 
1806, and the 
year; the Spanish brown in 
quilled white dmn large lilac together in 1808, 
Later importations have produced two others, 
the Tasselled white in 1816, and the Superb 
white in 1817." 
The distinctness of the two species of Chry- 
santhemums was established by Sabine in 
his paper in the 
Linnean Societys Transactions (vol xiv.) it 
1823, and from a note in 
would seem that P. indicum had again made an 
appearance in English gardens, having been 
imported by Mr. Samuel Brooks, of Ball’s Pond, 
from China, and deese to the Horticultural 
erm 
Society. Its 
go through the horticultural journals of that 
period. ulari themum 
pcs 
may be said t 
forty varieties ad in cultivation, distribut 
mainl 
cultural Society. 
The specific name, sinense, applied to the 
Chinese Chrysanthemum is somewhat mislead- 
appears that this plant, though in 
eneral cultivation i in China, i is not a native of 
ing, as it 
ni in China and Japan, and also in India, 
in the last- country, where it | 
‘has always been а popular plant, it may 
In the Mauritius both known indiscrimi- 
ing- in TT whence they were 
introduced—St, Andrew's Day мас Novem- 
o date from 1827, when about 
y through the agency of the Royal Horti- 
ber 30. In connection with the French history 
4 е Chrysanthemum it must not be forgotten 
a M. Bernet, of Toulouse, originated the 
idea of raising the plants from seed ; and some 
new varieties resulting from his experiments 
were brought into cultivation in 1826. 
It would be quite ER to give any 
меше notion of the number or characters of 
e hundreds of Diac ign of Chrysanthemum 
now in Cultivation; such an attempt would, 
moreover, be foreign to our intention, which has 
only been to give a short résumé of the history 
of their introduction. We shall therefore con- 
tent ourselves with a mere passing allusion to 
the distinct races of the large-flowered species 
which have at a comparatively recent date been 
brought to our gardens ; we allude to what are 
termed “ Japanese Chrysanthemums,” which in 
their eccentric irregularity and diversity of form 
are among the most remarkable of flowering 
plants. In our columns for 1861 (p. 550) figures 
of three or four of the first introduced of these 
izarre and strange productions will be found, 
but they have been far surpassed in quaintness 
by the forms which have since been exhibited in 
In concluding our sketch, we 
able to 
make a point of visiting. the approaching annual 
I — in the Tem ardens, 
with which, ear, our metropolis is 
brightened are what is perhaps the dreariest 
and dullest of our dreary and dull winter 
months. B. M. 
AMERICAN PEACHES 
UNDER ENGLISH CULTURE. 
THE recent introduction of American Peaches on a 
large scale into our markets is a remarkable fact, and 
may eventually cause some disturbance in the course 
of home production. Some articles of interest have 
appeared on this subject, and it may be useful to 
record my own experience in the culture of these 
foreign Peaches, which has now extended over some 
and has included nearly every variety 
introduced into Europe. 
e many native seedlings таяв to us, of 
rse, dud the best of all have been sent over for 
drin of ripening some of Mr. Rivers' seedlings by 
the first week in June, whilst our latest fruit was 
late as December. This gave 5а six 
months for the purposes of trial. 
Fire-heat, of course, would have modified the 
, 
general results, as a rul meri Peach 
with bright exceptions, are a failure here, Let, then, 
the int g grower profit by my experience ; 
meri be curious to know which e- 
es have done best, and there is a “future,” no 
by-judici iac АР 
to my mind, is the safest form of acclimatation. 
f American E caches the most valuable, and also 
is probably Early York ; 
wW 
most quisite, a € each ; 
first ied in е bra me, and the Peach, a s 
{ теасһеа II inches round. Mr. 
Dotglis, Ls I see, still libus it, much to his Een for 
i careful culture, and sets wi 
and, 
grown us Peach of 11 inches or more, of 
mel ting ak and Tovely colou 
Early Crawford is a fine Bop dx 
ar 
kéo Бете, though so comm 
Some early sorts, like Troth's Early, 
known to А, and will not be ever required ow that 
Mr. Rivers’ ve iced them 
even in T and else Igrew many 
years, some like it | and it has it is not 
first-rate any means, nor has a 
Angers. Purple is still valued t 
here, but it does not seem to be the same tree in every 
catalogue. & Van Zandt’s Superb is a fair Peach, but 
not equal to many at its date of ri . Thomas’ 
Late is a clingstone, which Engli never like, 
but it is a good late Peach; I had it some twelve 
in our houses as our very latest Peach, and I am 
It was a prize-ta osit 
trees of it these есше finally ч troublesome ; this was 
the Peach we ate in Dec 
Most of the other p wena varieties are either now 
uperseded or were never suitable urope. 
elia was a wretched October fruit, weie 
Asceola, Bern es EX pp oe, White, 
cile 
С is ап August Peach, good, but not 
ted where Early York is. Drindhill, a fortnight 
later, is a yellow sort of no th Cling was 
uc r here with us, but we soon destroyed it. 
is moderately good, not required here; it 
and Prince John were September fruits. 
ould be useless so say much about the others, 
not, ete omitting Bergen’s Yellow, which we 
liked w e, it is inferior to 
grow, С oma with other clingstones. 
Colombia, Henriette, President, Georgia, Craw- 
and Late Rar Pe proved to be useless, 
r fruit, but, coming in 
their systems 
decided on recommending Ear 
be remembered 
one, soin Am 
ed Early Rivers w 
ROOT-PRUNING. 
THE beneficial effects of root-pruning, under certain 
conditions of growth and soil, are, I believe, generally 
admitted by skilful fruit cultivators, and, as the pre- 
y f your r 
m are some cultivators, however, who are averse 
any interference with the roots, and who base their 
ptt ба on the idea that it is not in accord with 
Nature ; but then it must be remembered that all 
of artificial exist- 
ence, and if the argument is good in one case, it ought 
to apply equally to pruning, training, or other means 
used to restrict growth. In speaking of Py wc 
too о 
are in 
S А 
о say the least of it, isa barbarous 
ped and is - more root-pruning, in the proper 
of the word, than it would be to prune the top 
with. Ei billhook or миз Ше implement. 
care Фра 
ыска Жака, cr с ОЖ. 
ТӨЗ унн ee 
