DECEMBER 18, 1875.] 
THE 
GARDENERS' 
CHRONICLE. 
775 
What the cause of P may be is conjectural. 
e conceptacles and bv læ seem to be filled 
j ow, the Sam. of these papillze 
thespores are projected by pu pressure. ces- 
sarily whe abate by the relief 
shot into the air, б merely — slowly to the 
surface and v iae ver. Indeed, certain 
that a good many spores are cr ejected at all, but 
perish with the decaying fungus. 
There is a certain analogy berwinn а ien p - 
these spores and the discharge of t 
grasses. In both cases the first ducis nées tó 
result from an internal pressure producing sudden 
rupture. 
(To be continued.) 
REPORT ON OPEN AIR VEGE- 
TATION FOR NOVEMBER, 1875. 
By JAMES MCNAZE.* 
NOVEMBER, from beginning to end, has been 
frost, and snow; the 
of the two latter has been exceptional in 
Edinburgh during the month of November for many 
ars. On seventeen mornings the thermometer was 
at or below the freezing point, the lowest markin, 
being on the oth, roth, i 12th, 13th, and 27th, 
indicating 26°, 19° 27 22°, and 27°, while the 
6th, 17th, 18th, and 19th, indicating 47°, 45°, 44°, 
°. The united temperatures below 
ed to 80°, being 18° 
more than had been registered here during any of the 
us to this for the last thirteen 
à dae bec was during 1872, when 17° only was 
Е 
ў 
m he following table gives the ore of the Novem- 
ber frosts for the last thirteen yea 
E 1863 .. "DC actin 1870 .. d min 
- 1864 .. "m 62° а Іар, зд, 
» 1865 .. * 43. id 1872 E TO o 
o» 366.5 озу O 35; 
ds 1867-4 44 40 | 5 1874 .. 18° 
» 1868 . " 42° | » 1875' 80° 
1869 58° | 
ЖЕ 
With few m most of the leaves remaining 
on the deciduous trees at the end of October had 
i ast month. On November 30 
leaves of a yellow and. green colour were still on the 
Bono ( (Mespilus germanica), the Taxodium distichum 
eaves of a rusty-brown colour, 
em fees га with light brown leaves, Quercus 
ad leaves only on the рош» of the shoots, 
. partially decayed = sisap 
. and presents a curious appearance at this ate season, 
being covered уун thik leathery foliage of a light 
ash colour, Unri leaves were to be seen 
us 8, Fran- 
r3o. 
t most prominent of the fruit-bearing 
oto: dm microphylla, 
tha, orns, and Holly. 
e latter are fast d 
of frost experienced during the month seems 
and thus rendered them more 
as the food of birds than ы, generally are 
e year. ad fruit of the Thom 
Same cause, 
| Itivated 
is season of the year. This e 
came from the gardens in Aberdeenshire, 
\ long grown ; it comes much earlier 
flower than the zs Christmas Rose 
(Helle- 
ooms are muc er a 
long in a flowering condition, This variety 
on one stalk, which are generally 
in flower on November 30, Aster ‘Reeve 
at oo December meeting at the Botanical Society of 
—trai 
“noticeable. 
acaulis, Primula vulgaris rubra, Calluna vulgaris 
Alportii, C. v. Serlei, Erica hibernica d 
Watsoni, E. ciliaris, E. io veros, 
grandiflora, and the Sternb 
garden was being ppan a few of the higher com- 
partments facing the h and surrounded on three 
sides with high stones pee left vacant as unsuitable for 
e which are apt = get 
om exposure to ‘the sun, In these com- 
Sternbergia were pinsiad 
two years ago, and the plants are now vigorous an 
lowes freely. This is a choice herbaceous рш 
for late autumn cultivation, particularly in 
bien districts, where it flowers profusely. Owing 
to the difficulty of getting a by sy Autumn Crocu 
as it is ca o has beach vrina 
extinct in this part oi Scot kb 
Taaa SUTTON & SONS 
URSERIES, READING. 
T may not be generally known that the great 
Reading seed firm, amidst the multifarious duties 
connected with one of the largest seed establishments in 
the world, still find time to go largely into the nursery 
trade also, and this too, for a provincial town, on 
comparatively a large scale, A recent visit, made 
ars of their nursery 
generally. The glass department consists of about a 
dozen span-roofed houses, 40 feet by 15 feet, and form- 
ing as compact a block of houses as any in the country. 
he internal arrangements comprise a path down 
the centre of ite house, a 
Every inch of з space is filled, 
and the utmost hE and order is apparent on all 
sides, e wonder is how such can be the case 
рей аз bs Жа is so constantly сһапрїпр; 
nevertheless, such is the fact, and is doubtless due to 
the untiring energy and enthusiasm of Mr. J. Martin, 
the nursery foreman. 
Primulas are n by the — - for ei 
and seeding. eige alone ther upwar 
of 700 үе. їп да ый bloom a rer the oe i is so 
unable s detect the least variation in 
e of the house is red, the 
th kinds being extra large fim- 
briated Bowers, one selected at random me 
2 inches a None of the plants in this house are 
fo r sale, a all “bei ing r — for seed to supply the 
Messrs. Suttons' x hti In like manner, and fi 
а 
у gr ock of 
both as to extent and 
the robust ся of the plants. І had the pleasure 
of seeing them in wins m in omn. last, and the sight has 
not yet faded from m mory. 
I was particularly dick with the large quantity of 
Calla æthiopica, every plant p which was either in 
flower or throwing up flower-spikes. There being 
such a demand for this in p town, ‚ for decorative 
purposes, led Mr. Martin to make it a speciality o of 
Oh are taken from the аы stock in April, а 
planted out in the ordinary nursery soils, in which ym 
grow free They are lifted in August, and potted 
according to their size in 32 and 48-sized ots, and 
placed in cold йк, and as the flower- -stemsappear 
ouses. Ferns, Cro 
at a moment’s notice. 
The its and frames in quantity, many of 
them “fall ey ey tan kinds of beddi ts 
of seeds, 
thus pone for с order at 
grown 
ig oi tested being put into commerce. 
h order and neatness seen in the ses also 
obtains i b n the outdoor department, and thet пшзшу 18 
well st an excellent collection of fruit tr 
t Pea ick Pears, and pe being particularly 
There are riety and 
large UN deciduous trees rid 
good n of Conifers. 
ee faregottg C be the means of removing 
р d ыя — is icd же 
previous y given the Messrs. $ 
d dealing in seeds only. W. Widomith, HERBAS 
rubs, gem 
ONIONS GROWN 
REPORT ON 
T CHISWICK, 
FoR TRIAL BY THE FRUIT AND VEGETABLE 
OMMITTEE OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL 
SOCIETY, 
E for this trial was furnished by the 
THE se 
following gentlemen—viz., Messrs. B 
Me Carter & Co. ; 
Mr. J. Perry, Mr. A. Parsons, Mr. R. Dean 
ed was sown on March 16 in well pulverised 
moderately rich soil, which had the previous season 
een well manured for Celery, The season was on 
the whole favourable for the growth of Onions, so 
that iind trial was 
characte 
о be well adapted for spring 
sowing and ea "rie iut or winter use, the remainder 
of the Tripoli and Silver-skinned sections being again 
somiti for trial as autumn-sown 
White Spanish [synonyms, Banbury (Perry), 
Salis te Improved, Nuneham Park, Improved Nune- 
ham Park, эчу pee очев Nazeby 
Mammoth (Carter & Co.), O rize (Nutting 
& Son), Cutbush's x (Cutbush & em Portugal, 
Cantello’s Prize (Waite, Burn — This 
in pale stra 
falling off readily and exposing the pale кады, 
yellow outer flesh. The flesh itself is firm and solid, 
almost white, and of кешен, quality. 
keeps generally in good condition up to the mon 
March, The Banbury and тае Park types were 
x um eg, ved. 
e Straw- vci (Vilmorin) [syn., Yellow 
Flat 5 & Co.)].—This is only to be distinguished 
from the White Beh БУ the darker colouring of 
the outer skins. 
cie Mans ; Yellow Cambrai 
(Vilmorin).—These were considered very spurious 
stocks D пе тан нани oloured. 
pre pai э of free growth, forming in 
general a унн neck ; ripens off early and well The 
m v of — size, from inches in cir- 
ut 22 inches in узгач rr The share 
high crown. The skin is pale ein e the White 
Spanish, , similar to that variety in 
e oth — but its more globular It is 
an excellent ke and m 
uch est 
ite без Жр Oscar (Cutb & Sons).— 
are mixed and indifferent аср of White Globe 
in sh. 
4. ms (Vilmorin 
Plant of ein gro 
& Co., Stuart & ме 
owth but somewhat tender, succeeding 
N ck s somew what co coarse. The 
bulbs are of very i m 
EW 
does not keep well, and genera 
re Christmas. a close resemblance to the 
growth, the top slender, of a rather pale green colour 
and with a very fine slender neck, so that it ripens off 
ell. e bulbs are en and 
w Th of a medium but very even 
lar size, from 10 to I1 inches in circumf 
and about 24 inches in depth. The shape is roundish 
globular, very * base and a small 
coat peeling off freely but not exposing the flesh 
firm 
inner coating remaining , giving the Onion a very 
neat, clean appearance. flesh is very firm and 
solid oat, and of fae quality. А splendid 
keeping Beane: 
New German (Veitch & Sons). — This bears a close 
