90 CLASS AVES. 



general : 2. Of eagles in particular ; where there are many 

 chapters on the chrysaetos, halisetos, pygargus, morphnos, 

 percnopterus, ossifragus, &c. of the ancients ; 3. Of vultures in 

 general, where many species of these birds are distinguished : 

 4. Of accipitres in general : 5. Of accipitres in particular ; 

 the sparrow-hawk, buzzard, the merlin, kite, cuckow, &c. : 

 6. Of falcons in general : 7. Of falcons in particular, in which 

 the various species or races of falcons employed in hawking 

 are described : 8. Of nocturnal birds of prey, as the great 

 horn-owl, the owl, screech-OAvl, &c. : 9. Birds of a middle 

 nature, between birds properly so called and quadrupeds, as 

 the ostrich and bat : 10. Fabulous birds, griffins, harpies, &c. : 

 11. Of perroquets, in which many species of cockatoos, &c. 

 are described : 12. Of ravens in general, and of some other 

 birds which have a hard and powerful beak : here are noticed 

 not only ravens, crows, and pies, but also the calao, birds of 

 paradise, toucans, &c. &c. 



The second volume contains six books: 13. Of wild galli- 

 naceous birds, as the peacock, partridge, quail, &c. : 14. Of 

 gallinaceous tame birds, as the domestic cock and all its varie- 

 ties : 15. Of birds which, like the last, possess the triturating 

 power, and yet seek water, as the different varieties of pigeons* 

 turtles, and certain passeres, and inhabit the neighbourhood of 

 streams : 16, Baccivorous birds, as thrushes, blackbirds, &c. : 

 17. Vermivorous, or more properly insectivorous birds, as the 

 wren, swallow, &c. : 18. Singing birds, as the nightingale, 

 &c. &c. 



The third volume has but two chapters : 19. Palmipedes, 

 swan, &c. : 20. Birds frequenting banks and shores, as cranes, 

 herons, flamingo, woodcock, &c. 



Johnston merely compiles from Gesner, Aldrovandus, and 

 others. Gross errors are remarkable in his arrangement, such 

 as placing the parrot and the ostrich among the birds of prey, 

 and other such like inconsistencies. Nevertheless, his method, 

 which is essentially that of Belon, does yet still form the basis 



