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ture on Entomology. He reviewed briefly the several topics of 

 his two previous lectures, embraced in the two preliminary 

 stages of Insect life ; and then passed to the third condition, 

 that of the Pupa. He showed that there are certain times in 

 which the larva or caterpillar or grub is comparatively torpid, 

 cannot eat and moves with difficulty. It is during all this time 

 that a new set of parts are forming with rapidity beneath the 

 cid ones, (Avhich do not allow of their being used) ; and when 

 these are finished, the old skin of all the external parts, and 

 even the lining of the intestinal canal and of the breathing 

 pores, as it is affirmed by entomologists, is cast off. After sev- 

 eral of these changes have taken place, the larva has attained 

 its full size, and having for the last time changed its skin, it 

 assumes a new form — in fact it has become the pupa. The 

 pupa is at first soft and much surcharged with watery fluid, 

 but soon grows firmer and harder — its skin indeed often turn- 

 ing to a leathern or parchment like tissue. 



From its swathed appearance, that of an infant or of a mum- 

 my enveloped in bands and cloths, Linnaeus called this third 

 condition of insect life the Pupa, which is a Latin word of the 

 same meaning. In this state the insect is incapable of locomo- 

 tion, takes no food and passes a quiescent existence. There are 

 however many striking and peculiar distinctions in this respect 

 to be found among different tribes of insects, that of the Hyme- 

 nopterous kinds, such as the bee and wasp being considered the 

 most perfectly developed ; or having greater distinctive charac- 

 teristics between their larva and imago condition. 



The pupa cases of the Lepidopterous tribes, such as the but- 

 terflies, moths, &c., were called Chrysalides and Aurelias by the 

 Greeks and Romans, and are sometimes yet called so, from the 

 circumstance that they are frequently spotted with golden 

 marks or tinged with a golden color 



In the Hemiptera, to Avhich belong the true bugs : in the 

 Orthoptera, to which belong the grasshoppers ; and in many of 

 the Neuroptera, represented in the dragon fly — for example ; 

 the pupae on the contrary are active and differ only from the 



