EESPEBIINJ^. 101 



leaf, fastening the cell thus formed with silk all round and lining the inside strongly 

 with silk. The larva rests like those of Sarangesa and Coladenia with its head turned 

 round on its side. The pupa is formed in a cell, and is fixed by the tail and a body 

 band. In the localities where this butterfly is commonly found at the end of the rains, 

 in the mouths of September and onwards, there is not a specimen to be seen in the 

 dry weather and the beginning of the rains. The eggs probably lie over on the stems 

 of the plant during the long period during which it is leafless, from December to June. 



The imago rests with its wings closed when at rest, although, when basking in 

 the sun, it keeps them three-quarters open. The butterHy is to be found only on the 

 immediate coast in the district, and particularly in sandy open places where it gets the 

 full benefit of the sun, and where the food-plant of the larva, a little strag-glino- ground 

 weed, Waltheria ind'mi, is common. The insect is very hard to see, being spotted 

 with grey and l)lack, but is easily captured when once espied, as it often rests to bask 

 on some leaf or stick ; its flight is not very rapid ; it is not uncommon in the localities 

 where it is found. (Davidson, Bell and Aitkeu.) 



Habitat. — India, Ceylon, Burma. 



Distribution. — Recorded by Watson from the Chin Hills, and Puugadaw, Upper 

 Burma, by Manders from Fort Stedman in the Shan States ; it is a common species 

 throughout India and Ceylon, and has been recorded from many localities ; we took it 

 at Poona, Bombay, Mhow, Karachi, and have it from Ranikhet, Kurual, Eaipur, Madras, 

 Kandy and the Khasia Hills, and it is in the B. M. also from Barrackpur, near Calcutta, 

 Ganjam, Ootacamund, the Shan States and Burma. We cannot separate Pyryas 

 evanidus, Butler, from g(dba ; his type from the Hubb river, just outside the Sind 

 border, was taken by us, it only varies from galba in its smaller size and in having the 

 white discal band of the hindwiug on the underside more or less broken up, in galba it 

 is complete ; we took many examples of both sexes of evanidas in Sind, all in mid- 

 winter ; it is undoubtedly the extreme cold-weather form of galba. Yerbury took it also 

 at Campbellpur in the cold weather. Our figures of the larva and pupa are from 

 Davidson's original drawings, bred at Karwar. 



SPIALIA ZEBRA. 



Plate 781, figs. 2, i, 2a, 9,2b, $. 



Pyrrjus zebra, Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1888, p. 207. 



He^peria zebra, Watson, Hesp. Incl. p. 156 (1891); id. Proc. Zool. Sue. 1893, p. 6.5; id. Journ. Bo. 



Nat. Hist. Soc. ix. 1895, p. 422. 

 Eesperia hellas, de Niceville, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1889, p. 177, pi. B, tig. 9, ^ . 

 Hesperia galba, Elwes and Edwards (part), Trans. Zool. Soc. 1897, p. 157. 



Imago. — Male and female. Upperside black as in S. galba, with white spots. 



