rARiXASSIINJE. 113 



scaled, and Oil the disc of tlie forewing these scales are more numerous; the anal 

 bar on the hindwing extending to the discal red spot. 

 Expanse, <J2 to 2^%,'} 2^\ to 2^% inches. 



Wet-se(u<on brood (Plaie 410, figs. 1, la, b, c, (^, Id, e, f, g, J )• 

 Parnassius Charino, (Irajj Catal. Lep. Bi'it. Mus. Pap. p. 7G, pi. 12, figs. 13-15 (18.32). 



M.^LE and Female. — Upperside. Foreioing with the base, and more or less the 

 discal area covered with black scales, iu some specimeas these scales being 

 uniformly disposed over the wing; the whitish borders of the submarginal macular 

 band are more or less lunularly-definod, or are obscure on both sides ; the two upper 

 discal spots and the lower spot prominently pale red or deep scarlet centred ; in the 

 interspace between the cell and discocellular bar a slender linear ti'ansverse row of 

 black scales is generally present. Hindwing with the black basal area and anal bar 

 broad, or more generally these black scales extend over the disc and more or less 

 numerously to the outer margin ; the submarginal row of ocelli are generally larger 

 and more prominent ; the costal and discal spot is either pale red or deep scarlet ; 

 and generally, a basal and an anal spot of the same colour is also present. 



Underside. M.vle. Glossy; dull greyish- white ; basal and discal areas very 

 sparsely speckled with black scales ; marginal markings visible by ti'ansparency. Fore- 

 wing with the black cell bars prominent, the intervening speckled line generally slightly 

 apparent ; the costal spots and the discal black-edged spot ai'e pale dull I'ed or 

 bright vermilion. Hindwing with the costal, discal, the anal continuous spots, and 

 the basal series of spots are very slenderly and sparsely edged with black scales, 

 and are centred with dull red or bright vermilion, and, except the basal series, are 

 white pupilled. 



Female. — Glossy. Forcwing with the basal area greyish-white, the outer 

 border tinted with clear olive-yellow ; markings similar to the male. Hindwing 

 tinted with clear olive-yellow ; basal, costal, discal, and anal vermilion spots 

 prominent and white pupilled; submarginal row of white spots distinct, and they 

 are sometimes slightly edged w'lth black scales. Anal pouch the same as in dry- 

 season form. 



Expanse, 6 ? 2,^o to 2-^o inches. 



Habitat. — N.W. and E. Himalayas. 



Distribution and Habits. — Capt. A. M. Lang {Epist. A'ovember 18th, 1874) 

 writes, " I have this species {Hardwicl-ii) from all along the main Cis Sutlej 

 watershed, from about SOOO to 15,000 feet elevation; also Trans Sutlej on the 

 Spurs running downwards from Spiti. Even in Simla itself iu midwinter, December, 

 and January, with deep snow all around." " It commences to appear at the Runano- 

 Pass, becoming commoner South and West towards Lower Kunawur and Simla, but 



VOL. V. y 



