140 LEPIDOPTERA IXDICA. 



and its sides angled ; wing-cases dilated and flattened laterally in tbe middle, tlieir 

 onter edge acute ; middle segments of abdomen witli a dorsal pair of conical 

 prominences. Attached by tbe tail, and a silken thread round base of thorax. 



Type. — 0. Helena. 



Hawts of Imago. — "All Tjwc^cs are true inhabitants of the forest, but the yellow 

 species {Pompeojyfera) in both sexes are very fond of flowers, Hibiscus, Ixora, and 

 Fuinciana 2)vlcJierrima, and so approach houses and are seen in the gardens, but they 

 never settle on roads. Trogonoptera Broolciana, on the contrary, never settles on 

 flowers, but only on damp spots on roads and also near houses on manure heaps and 

 kitchen middens. All of them were very appropriately named, generically, 

 Ornithoptera by Boisduval, as, on the wing, they really look very much like birds, 

 especially T. Broohiana, which, when sailing high over a road or iu the forest, has a 

 most striking resemblance to the small and common Swift of the tropics. Usually 

 thej' fly slowly, but if pursued their flight becomes extremely rapid, so that they are 

 soon borne out of reach and sight. They never entirely settle on flowers, but seize 

 them with their forelegs, they float above the flower by gently moving their wings 

 for a few seconds, when they seek another. They ai-e strong fliers, as the females in 

 especial have to make long journeys to find the rare food-plant ; when so flying they 

 keep high up in the air, doubtless to overlook a large stretch of jungle. All Troides 

 ai'e early risers, and are already out at 7 o'clock in the morning; in the hottest 

 hours of the day they are rarely seen, but appear late in the evening at 5 or 6 o'clock, 

 when, with the exception of some Satyrinse-, Atnathusiinx and Hesperiidas, all other 

 butterflies have s-one to rest Ions' a<ro." (Dr. L. Martin and L. de Xiceville, Butt, of 



o OCX ' 



Sumatra, J. As. Soc. Bengal, 1895, 509). 



Col. C. H. E. Adamson, in his " List of Burmese butterflies," says that 

 " Hhadamantltus [^acus] is most abundant from June to September, and, what was 

 evidently a fresli brood, was seen flying in February." 



ORKITIIOPTEEA DARSIUS (Plate 418, fig. 1, larva and jmpa ; la, b, (J ?). 



Ormtlwjitera Darsius, Gray, Catal. Lep. Ins. Brit. Mus. pt. i. p. n (1852). Moore, Catal. Lep. Mus. 



E. I. Company, i. p. 87, pi. 2, fig. 2, 2a, larva and j'ltpa (1857). Felder, Wien. Entom. Monats. iv. 



p. 9 (1860). Moore, Lep. of Ceylon, i. p. 155, pi. 55, fig. 1, la, b, J ? , larva a^nd jmjm (1881). 

 Troides Daisius, Eothschild, Nov. Zoo), ii. p. 203 (1895). 

 Oinithopiera Amphimedon, Doub.'eday and Hewitson, Gen. D. Lep. i. pi. 1, fig. 2, ^ {nee Cram.). 



Ihagc— Male. Upperside. Forcicing rich black; in some specimens the 

 borders of the outer veins are slightly paler than the ground colour. Hindwing 

 with the basal area across half or two-thirds the cell, the abdominal border, and a 

 broad outer marginal sinuous inner-edged band rich purplish-black, the end of the 



