PAPILIOXINM. 145 



4000 feet on tlie Hills " (/</. 1891, 44-5). Mr. Bourdillon obtained it in " Travancove, 

 on tbe Kalhiur road, 1200 feet, in February, and at Mjnall, 1500 feet, in April" (^NIS. 

 Note). Mr. G. F. Hampson records its capture on the " Nilgiris at 3000 to 7000 

 feet elevation " (J. As. Soc. Beng. 1888, 363). Mr. Sealy writes : " This insect occurs 

 in tolerable abundance along the coast of South Malabar, Cochin, and Travancore. 

 I have also observed it many miles inland, flying over the trees in the low jungle at 

 the foot of the Western Ghauts, but I have not noticed it at any great height above 

 the sea. In Cochin I have seen it from March to August, flying over the tops of the 

 tallest Cocoa Palms, occasionally descending to hover over the flowers, especially 

 those of the large scarlet Hibiscus, near which I have caught it in my own garden. 

 The males seem less common than the females, and seldom were perfect on the wing. 

 During last June and July I obtained many lavva3, they fed upon Aristolochid indica, 

 and apparently upon it only. On July 19th, 1874, I obtained a large quantity both 

 of the larvae and pupce. The larvae I fed upon Aristolodtia, and many changed to 

 pupaj. From these many emerged before I left India on August 8rd, and others on 

 board ship from the pupsB I took with me. They appear to remain about three 

 weeks in pupte. The pupa possesses the power of making a curious noise, like 

 ' pha, pha,' and makes it very loudly when touched. The noise is accompanied 

 (perhaps produced) by a sharp contraction of the abdominal segments. I thought at 

 first it was merely produced by tbe rubbing of one ring of the pupa case against the 

 next, but the sound did not resemble a mere frictional sound, it was more like the 

 sound of the rush of air through small holes. The pupa sometimes contracted on 

 being touched without making the noise, and appeared unable to make the noise 

 until some time was given to allow it to recover its vigour '' (Proc. Ent. Soc. 1875, 

 p. ix.). 



Of our illustrations on Plate 419, figures 1, larva and pupce, are from Mr. S. X. 

 "Ward's drawings ; and figs. In, b, from male and female. 



ORNITHOPTERA CERBERUS ^I'kte 420, fig. 1, la, J, lb, c, ? ). 



Papilio Cerbenu, Felder, Yerh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 1864, p. 291 ; i'l. RL'ise Nov. Lep. i. p. 19 



(1865). 

 Ornithoptera Cerberus, Staudinger, Exot. Schmett. i. p. 4, pi. 2, J' (1884). Swiahoe, Trans. Eut. Soc. 



Lond. 1893, p. 311. 

 Troides Helena Cerbcns (part), Rothschild, Nov. Zool. ii. p. 219 (1895). 

 Ornithoptera Poynpeuf, ]Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. LonJ. 1S65, p. 750. Wood-Mason and de Xict'ville, 



Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1886, p. 373. Watson, Journ. Bombay X. H Soc. 1888, p. 26. Ehves, 



Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1888, p. 422. de Niccville, Sikkim Gazetteer, 1894, p. 170. 

 PompeojJtera Pompeiis (form Cerbenis) pait, Rippon, Mon. Ornith. ii. p. 55 (1895). 



VOL. V, Mav 15th, 1902. u 



