162 LEPIDOPTERA IKDICA. 



tlie subcostal interspace, and very rarely an indication of a lovrer minute spot in the 

 basal interspace between the radial and upper median ; the upper submarginal 

 lunule is white and edged outwardly with crimson, the others and a short abdominal- 

 marginal streak, and the tail spot are crimson, the lowest lunule being some- 

 times white-speckled anteriorly. 



Female. Upperside. Forewing rich dark fuliginous, vein streaks well defined. 

 Bhuhcing dark fuliginous-black basally, blue-black posteriorly; the discal white 

 patch generally larger, and sometimes with an obsolescent or a distinct very small 

 white spot below it, and also, but very rarely, with a moderate-sized white quadrate 

 patch in the subcostal interspace above it ; the three subraarginal lunules and 

 tail spot much larger than in the male, the upper lunule broad and with its outer 

 upper-point prolonged, both lower lunules being white anteriorly ; in some specimens 

 faint traces of a short crimson-scaled streak extends from the anal angle, which in 

 others is more distinct but paler; the tail spot large, either pale crimson or whitish. 

 Underside. Fureunng paler than upperside. ir/;H/H-<?27 uniformly black; the discal 

 large white patch as on the upperside. The lower small spot always present, the 

 upper small spot either absent or very minute, or more generally of moderate 

 large size ; the marginal lunules as on the upperside, the anal marginal crimson 

 irregular-shaped patch large. 



Expanse, c? 5 to 5f , $ 5 to 6 inches. 



Habitat. — Sikkim ; Assam ; Khasias ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Malacca ; Shan 

 States ; Tonkin. 



Distribution and Habits. — " Occurs not uncommonly in Sikkim, Bhotan, and the 

 Khasia Hills. In Sikkim it seems rarer than Philoxenus, and is found from 1000 

 to 8000 feet elevation, from April to November. I have not observed in this 

 species the nauseous odour which, according to Mr. Wood-Mason, is characteristic of 

 Philoxenus, but Mr. de Niceville says it has the strongest smell of any butterfly he 

 knows. The flight of this butterfly is much less swift than that of many Papilios. 

 It may be seen sailing with a very soft graceful flight along the edge of the clearings 

 and round the flowering trees in the open places. A species of Albizzia is one of the 

 favourite trees, but to get fresh specimens one must search for those which, 

 having recently emerged from the pupa3, may be found settled on the low herbage and 

 flowers at the side of the forest-path " (H. J. Elwes, Tr. Ent. Soc. 1888, 420). " A 

 com.mon species in Sikkim, occurring from 1000 to 8000 feet from April till 

 November. The butterfly has a very powerful and disagreeable odour, which 

 is perceptible even years after the death of the insect" (L. de Niceville, Sikkim 

 Gaz. 1894, 171). Col. C. Swinhoe records it from the Khasia Hills (Tr. Ent. Soc. 

 1893, 312), and has also received many specimens from Cherra Punji and the 

 Jaintia Hills. Mr. J. Wood-Mason obtained two females on NeraothaPeak, Cachar, 



