166 LEPIDOPTERA INDICA. 



Habitat. — N.W. and E. Himalayas. 



DiSTRiBDTiON AXD Hadii's. — Mr. P. W. Mackiiinoii records it as " fairly common 

 in May in the valleys to the N.E. of Masuri, N.W. Himalaya " (de Niceville, J. 

 Bombay N. H. S. 1898, 592). We possess specimens from Masuri, taken by Capt. T. 

 Hutton, and also from Garhwal and Nepal, the latter taken by General G. Ramsay. 

 Col. C. Swinhoe has it from Sikkira, taken in the Lachin Lachoong Valley, at 

 8000 feet elevation. Mr. H. J. Elwes records it as "not an uncommon species in 

 Sikkim at from 7000 to 9000 feet elevation, whei'e I have several times seen and 

 taken it on Jellapaliar, on Sinchal, and the Groompahar ridge. It frequents dense 

 forest, whei'e it flies high over the tops of the trees, from April or even sooner, on 

 into July and August, -nhen most of the females ai'e worn and much broken. It may 

 best be taken, like most of the high-flying forest insects, by waiting on a sunny day 

 at an open space at the top of a hill, or when it occasionally comes down to settle 

 on the path " (Tr. Ent. Soc. 1888, 425). Mr. L. de Niceville also records it as 

 "occurring in the thick, high forests of Sikkim, from 7000 to DOOO feet, from March 

 to August." (Sikkim Gaz. 1894, 171). 



Our illustrations on Plate 430, figs. 1, la, b, represent the males with the 

 abdominal fold both closed and open ; and Ic, the female. 



BYASA POLL& (Plate 429, fig. 2, (^). 

 Papilio (Byasa) PoUa, de Niceville, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1897, p. 565, pi. 4, fig. 28, (J. 



Imago. — Male. " Upperside. Both wings shining black. Foreunng with the 

 usual deep black longitudinal streaks within the cell, and similar ones between the 

 veins. Hindwiug with a large discal pinkish-white patch occupying the outer end 

 of the cell, anteriorly bounded by the second subcostal, posteriorly by the first 

 median nervule, the inner half of the portion in the first median interspace being 

 heavily sprinkled with black scales ; the oute"r edge of the patch is scalloped ; four 

 large submarginal carmine lunules all irrorated with black scales, the anterior one 

 in the subcostal interspace whitish ; tail broadly tipped with carmine ; the posterior 

 end of the abdominal fold and the two tooth-like projections of the wing-membrane 

 between it and the tail, as well as the first projection beyond the tail, somewhat 

 broadly edged with carmine. 



Underside. Both wings as above, but of a darker shade of black. Forewing 

 as on upperside. Hindwing with the discal pinkish- white patch extending quite up 

 to the cell but not invading its outer end ; the patch is inwardly continued from the 

 first median nervule to the submedian nervure by a carmine spot ; the submarginal 

 lunules as above, but of a pure rich carmine, the two inner ones continued to the 

 outer marginal carmine edging of the wing, which latter is broader than on the 



