PAPILTOXIN.E. 239 



took it at "Allahabad and Rawal Pindi, and at Simla and Masuri" (MS. Xotes). 

 Mr. P. W. Mackinnon says it is "occasionally taken in Masuri. Occurs also in the 

 Giri Valley in the Nahau territory in November, and is very common in the Dun 

 from March to November" (Journ. Bombay N. H. S. 1898, 592). Capt. T. Hutton 

 found it in " Deyra Dliun, and likewise in the Hills during tlie summer, the larva 

 feeding on the Citron " (Tr. Ent. Soc. 1847, 48). Mr. W. Dolierty records it from 

 "Ranibagh and Bageswar, 1000 to 4000 feet elevation, in Kumaon " (J. As. Soc. 

 Beng. 1886, 137). The Rev. J. H. Hocking took it at " Dharmsala, the larva found 

 feeding on orange tree in May" (P. Z. S. 188:2, 258). Capt. H. L. Chaumette 

 found it " one of the commonest butterflies in Lucknow, being found daily in every 

 garden, road, and field in numbers, the larvae feeding on the Orange, Lime, Shad- 

 dock, &c." (MS. Notes). Mixjov J. Lo IMesurier took it in Scind, and Capt. Lloyd 

 obtained it in Kattywar (MS. Notes). Col. C. Swiuhoe records it as " common 

 in Karachi all the year through " (P. Z. S. 1884, 512) ; also "common everywhere 

 in Bombay and the Dekkan throughout the year. Larva feeds on Citron, Lime, and 

 Orange; reared at Poona all the year round" (id. I.e. 1885, 145). Also " common 

 at Mhow from Sept. to March" (id. I.e. Ib86, 432). Mr. J. Davidson and E. H. 

 Aitken say it is the "commonest Papilio in the Bombay Presidency. "We have 

 reared it abundantly in many places on different varieties of the Lime or Orange 

 trees, and also on the Pomelo, but it forsakes all these for the unpleasantly odorife- 

 rous garden Rue {Buta augnstifolia). In the Konkan we once found it literally in 

 flocks, feeding on a Leguminous plant with aromatic leaves. The colour of the 

 larva, at first, is a very dark shade of green, almost black, with two broad, diagonal, 

 cross-bands of vellowish-white. At this stage it has an oilv o-loss, and has been 

 supposed by some to mimic the excrement of birds. At the last moult it assumes a 

 fine green colour, with certain yellowish-white markings, which vary in extent, these 

 are the ridges on the forepart of the 4th segment, a line or band behind the 5th, an 

 elongated triangular patch on each side, with its base on the light colour of the 

 under parts at the Sth segment, and its upper sloping into the 9th, a similar but 

 smaller patch on the lOth, and nearly the whole of the last segment. The pupa is 

 green when found among leaves, but brown of various shades if attached to a trunk 

 or dead branch. The butterfly is very common, frequenting gardens more than the 

 forest, and appears from October till at least January, and in less numbers after 

 that till June " (J. Bombay N. H. S. 1890, 366 ; id. 1896, 580). Mr. L. de Niceville 

 records the food-plants of the larva in Kanara as follows : — •" Itnfa auc/iistifolia, 

 Ghjcosmis innitniilujlla , Murrayia Keeiiigii; Citrus J eeumami, and GJijIe inarmelos'' 

 (J. As. Soc. Beng. 1900, 258). Mr. S. N. Ward obtained this butterfly in "Malabar, 

 Kanara, Nilgiris, and the Karnatic. It appears late in February and all through 

 March. The larva affects the Rue plant, Orange and Lime. It is very common on 



