PIERINJE. 125 



and Hewitson, Gen. D. Lep. i. p. 42 (1847). Stainton, Man. Brit. Lep. i.p. 18 (1857). Kirby, 



Eur. Butt. p. 8 (1863). 

 Mancipium, Hiibner, Tentamen, p. 1 (L806). Scudder, Proc. Amer. Acad. A. and Sci. 1875, p. 210. 



Grote, Proc. Amor. Phil. Soc. xxxix. p. 21 (1900). 

 Poniia (pt.), Pabricius, lUiger's Mag. vi. p. 283 (1867). Leach, Edinb. Eucyc. p. 716 (1815). 



Ochsenheimer, Schmett. Eur. iv. p. 30 (1816). Samouelle, Ent. U. Comp. p. 236 ('1819). 



Jermyn, Butt. Coll. Vade Mec. pp. 43, 66. (1824). 

 Pieris, Latreille, Consid. Gen. C. et Ins. p. 440 (1810). Staudinger and Schatz, Exot. Schmett. 



ii. p. 60 (1886). Scudder, Syst. Kev. Amer. Butt. p. 41 (1872); id. Butt. U.S. ii. p. 1171 



(1889). Kirby, Allen's Natr. Libr. Butt. ii. p. 142 (1896). Tutt, Brit. Butt. p. 229 (1896). 



Grote, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. xxxix. p. 21 (1900). 

 Ganoris (pt.), Dalmann, Vetensk. Acad. Handl. xxxvii. pp. 61, 86 (1816). 

 Catophaga (pt.), Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 93 (1816). 

 Pontia (sect. 1), Stephens, Illust. Brit. Ent. Haust. i. p. 15 (1827). 



Pontia, Rennie, Consp. Butt. p. 2 (1832). Westwood, lutr. Class. Ins. ii. Syn. p. 87 (1840). 

 Pieris (sect. A), Stephens, Catal. Biit. Lep. B. M. p. 4. (1850). 



Imago. — Foreunng elongated, triangular ; apex obtusely angled ; cilia ample ; 

 subcostal vein four branched, first and second free ; first at one-fourth before end of 

 the cell, second immediately before the end, third bifid, the fourth starting from 

 close to the apex ; upper radial emitted from the subcostal at nearly one-third 

 beyond the cell, lower radial from angle of the discocellulars ; cell long and broad ; 

 median veinlets equidistant apart ; submedian vein recurved, Hindwing elongated 

 anteriorly ; costa very oblique, convex externally ; cilia ample ; cell long, broad 

 across the middle and pointed at the apex ; discocellulars long and very oblique, 

 nearly straight ; subcostal branches very long ; submedians long. Thorax, head 

 and front clothed with fine silky hairs ; palpi short, hairy beneath to the tip, 

 terminal joint cylindrical and longer than second ; antenna3 long, slender, club 

 gradually thickened to tip, club almost cylindrical ; abdomen of male above densely 

 clothed with laxly compressed longish hair-like scales, denser beneath. 



Egg. — Flask or skittle-shaped, with 15 to 17 longitudinal ribs, and delicate 

 transverse reticulation. Deposited on end in batches. 



Larva. — Cylindrical ; clothed with very short fine hairs. Often gregarious, 

 but not living under a web. Feeds on Crucifera?. and Tropseolacese. 



Pupa. — Attached by the tail and a girth round the body. " Stout, somewhat 

 angulated ; head with a central projected spike ; back keeled throughout, the keel 

 rising angularly on thorax to an obtuse posterior point and then descending to the 

 waist J abdomen not so prominently keeled, at the end the keel bifurcates forming 

 the two sides of the anal spike ; the shoulders angulated, from these a subdorsal 

 ridge angulated along the wing-cases with two prominences, the second is highest, 

 and in some becomes quite a spike ; outline of belly gently curved from head to end 

 of wing-cases, where the tongue-case projects free, thence the abdomen is less curved 



