126 LEPIDOPTEEA INDICA. 



to the tail ; tlie anal spike flat, almost square, being made up of the two outside 

 ridges with a triangular piece between and set on the ventral surface with many 

 short spines curved at the tip and then spreading into broad edged hooks." 

 (Buckler.) 



Ttpe. — D. Brassic£e. 



Historical Note on the Genus Danaus. 



1758. Linnfeus, Syst. Nat. ed. x. pp. 467-470, used the name Danaus only, at the 



heading of the pages, for both the sections of his Papilio Danai, viz. 



Danai Gandidi and I). Festivi. The species enumerated under the first 



section being modern Pieridae, and those of the second section mostly 



Eujjloeiiise. 

 1761. Poda, Ins. Mus. Graecensis, p. 61, cites species of Pieridee only, under 



D. Candidi. 

 1717. Esper, Die Schmett. i. p. 51, uses the name Danaus, in a subgeneric sense, 



for species of PieridjB, representing the Linna^an D. Candidi, and figures 



D. Brassica;. 

 1788. Borkhausen, Nat. Eur. Schmett. i. p. 252, establishes the Danai on modern 



Pieridge, Bhamni, Cleopatra, Hijale, Gardamines, Daplidice, Sinajns, Napi, 



Brassicse, Cratcegi, etc. 

 1793. Fabricius, Eut. Syst. iii. p. 186, restricts the Danai to the D. Candidi of 



Linnaeus, and separates the modern Danainte [Euplosinte] under the name 



of Festivi. 

 1795. "Weber, Noraen. Ent. pp. 99, 106, follows the restriction of Fabricius. 

 1798. Cuvier, Tabl. Elem. Hist. Nat. p. 590, cites species of Pieridge only 



{Brassicse, Bapx) uuder Danai, 

 1798. Cederheim, Faun. Ingrica^ Prod. p. 206, uses Danaus for species of Pieridee 



{Brassicee, Rapa^, Xapi, Sinajns, Daplidice, Gardamines, Bhamni). 

 1801. Lamarck, Syst. Auim. p. 284, under P. Danai, gives Brassicw and Argus. 

 1801. Panzer, Faun. Ins. Germ. Hefte, 73, 74; id. 84, Index p. xi. uses Danaus 



genericall}^, for species of Pieridce. 

 1806. Turton, Linn. Syst. Nat. iii. pt. 2, p. 64, also restricts the Danai to species of 



Pieridge. 

 1809. Latreille, Gen. C. et Ins. iv. p. 201, proposed Danaus to supplant his own 



genus Danaida (Sonn. Bufi^. xiv. 108 (1805), and of Danais (llliger's Mag. 



vi. p. 291 (1807), using it for species of Euploeina?. 

 1815. Okeu, Lehrb. i. p. 723, used Danaus ior Pieridaj only. 

 1872. Crotch, Cistula Entom. i. p. 60, refers Danaus to Linujeus, and says the type 



was fixed by Cuvier (Tabl. Elem. 1798, p. 590) as Brassicie. 



