196 LEPIDOPTUBA INDICA. 



Dry-season Brood (Plate 541, fig. 1, la, (^, lb, c, ? ). 



Appias Vacans, Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1870, p. 490, ? . id. Lep. Exotica, p. 90, pi. 34, 

 fig. 5, 6, ? (1872). Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 839 ; id. Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool. 1886, 

 p. 49. 



Appias Epiecena, Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1889, p. 398, cj ? • 



Male. Smaller tlian loet-season form. Upperside similar, except that on the 

 Idndwing the marginal black band is narrower and less sinuous and its submarginal 

 grey border also less apparent. Underside. Forewing similar to the wet-season 

 form, Hindwing yellow, generally of a deeper tint; the marginal band much 

 narrower, usually about half the width of the wet form. 



Female. Also smaller than the ivet form. Upperside. Forewing with two 

 upper and three lower-discal broader greyish-white streaks, the posterior margin also 

 being white- streaked. Eindiving greyish-white, slightly flushed with very pale 

 yellow, the dark outer band restricted to the margin. Underside. Foreiring with 

 broader white areas. Eindiving uniformly yellow, including the veins, the marginal 

 band much narrower than in the wet form. 



Expanse, S 2^-0 to 2^%, ? 2^o to 2i^o inches. 



Extreme Dry-season (typical vacans, Butler). Male. Upperside similar to 

 the ordinary dry form. Underside. Foreiving with white apical spot. Elitd- 

 wing uniformly paler yellow than in ordinary dry form, tlie marginal band 

 narrow. 



Female. Upperside. Forewing with the black band restricted to the costal 

 border and exterior margin, and on the latter not reaching the cell along the upper 

 median veinlet. Eindwing with the black marginal band narrower than in ordinary 

 dry form. Underside. Forcioing with the costal and exterior band restricted as on 

 the upperside, but paler. Eindwing uniformly pale or clear yellow; the band 

 narrower than in ordinary dry form. 



Expanse, S 2^-0, ? 2j^ to 2];^ inches. 



Habitat. — N". E.India; Burma; Tenasserira ; Siam ; Tonkin. 



DrsTiUBUTiON, Habits, etc. — Mr. W. C. Tavlor records it as being " common in 

 some localities in Orissa, Lower Bengal" (List, 1888, 15). Mr. L. de K^iceville 

 " captured a single male in a garden at Sealdah near Calcutta, ia November" (J. As. 

 Soc. Beng. 1885, 51). Col. C. Swinhoe has both sexes of the dry-season form from 

 Maldah, Upper Bengal, taken by Mr. N. Irvine, and which he has described as 

 A. Epicsena. Mr. W. Doherty, in his " Notes on Assam Butterflies " (Journ. As. 

 Soc. Bengal, 1889, 120), writes, " The normal form of the female, of Appias 

 Eippoides, is dark above and below, and but slightl}^ clouded with whitish and dirt}"- 

 yellow. It was usually taken in the forest, moving slowly about iu the deep shade, 

 or lying |)en??te among the leaves. The other was almost as brightly coloured with 



