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Pottery axd Kettles. Tlie materials used in the man- 

 ufacture of pottery "was clay, and, for kettles, a coarse variety 

 of soapstone, and occasionally some primitive rock; the kettles 

 had short handles, like those on a common sugar bowl. The 

 clay used was, by no means, well purified from foreign sub- 

 stances, previous to baking. The forms, of which there was 

 evidently a great variety, were always symmetrical, and, often- 

 times, even elegant : while the ornamental work found stamped 

 or marked on almost every specimen, display much taste. Jn 

 this latter respect, modern pottery might be decidedly improved 

 in elegance, by copying from these Indian remains for models. 

 It is evident that, either in the process of manufacture, or in 

 after use, fire w^as sometimes kinkled inside the ware. The 

 material used in the North was very impure, abounding in 

 pebbles ; for this reason, and the fact that the vessels hero 

 Avere mostly thin, it is rare to find remains of a large size. 

 Southern pottery was made from purer clay, and being much 

 thicker, and not having had our Northern winters to beat upon 

 it and decompose it, specimens can be obtained in larger frag- 

 ments with the ornamental markings oftentimes quite distinct. 

 Of the art of glazing the aboriginees appear to have been wholly 

 ignorant. 



IndiAjST Pipes. These Avere sometimes baked from clay, at 

 other times cut from stone, the bowl being after the same gen- 

 eral form as the modern pipe, with a hole in the side, in which 

 a reed was probably inserted. In one instance a large stone 

 handle was attached to the bowl, and as this was not perforated 

 the only means by Avhich it could have been put to the use in- 

 tended, must have been by the insertion of a reed into the top 

 of the bowl after its contents had been ignited. Tradition says 

 that corn-cobs were sometimes used as pipes in this way. 



Indian Ornaments. These are rather rare in the North. 

 They were made principally from soft stones, of clay and tal- 

 cose slate, and the famous red pipe claystone, which would seem 

 to . indicate that the Indians of New England had some com- 

 merce with the Indians of the West, or that they kept them as 

 tokens of their migrations. They are usually parallelograms, 

 with rounded corners, with diameters of three inches by one 

 and a half or two, or else ellipses having about the same diame- 

 ters ; in either case they had one or two perforations, and were 

 probably worn suspended from the neck. Beads are rarely 

 found in the North, and such as are found are generally of 

 European origin. 



