EUPLCEIN^. 21 



eight, nine, ten and eleven have on each side of the black ground small round patches 

 of bright scarlet, particularly distinct on the sixth and eleventh segments ; belly- 

 black. On attaining its full size the grub spins a small pad of silk on the under 

 surface of a leaf, attaching its last pair of legs firmly to this pad and hanging thus 

 freely suspended head downwards; it remains thus for about twenty-four hours, 

 when it casts its skin and changes to pupa. The pupa is naked, hanging freely sus- 

 pended ; it is one inch long by ^ inch broad ; colour golden-yellow, with large 

 patches of bright metaUic gold, the black spots on the wings of the butterfly show- 

 ing through the yellow parts of the chrysalis. In twelve or thirteen days the pupa 

 loses its brilliant colouring and metallic lustre and turns black, and about twenty- 

 four hours later the butterfly emerges. The food-plant I could not define; the 

 creeper was unfortunately not in flower, nor could I find any seeds." 



Distribution AND Habits. — In his " Notes," Mr. S. N. Ward states that this 

 butterfly is " found in woody places on the Western Coast and especially on the 

 thick-wooded mountain passes on the Western Ghats and Nilgiris," and that the 

 " larva is very rarely to be met with." According to De Niceville (Butt, of India, &c., 

 3. p. 25), it appears to be fairly common in the Ashamboo Hills, Travancore, but is 

 rather local. Mr. Harold Fergusson writes, " On one occasion, on the 16th of 

 February, in a patch of heavy forest, at about 3500 feet elevation, I saw numbers of 

 this Eestia. There must have been at least a hundred floating about the trees some 

 twenty feet from the ground. I had seen none before this in any of the other forests, 

 so I should think they must be local. Later on, during April they were not uncom- 

 mon, but seldom numerous, and throughout May they were common in the hills in 

 suitable localities. They seem to occur only on the hills, not lower than 1000 feet 

 elevation, and to frequent forests. In the Kowdiar District, Travancore, Mr. 

 Bourdillon obtained specimens at 2200 to 2600 feet, in April." On the western 

 slopes of the Nilgiris, at 2500 feet elevation, Mr. Hampson captured specimens iu 

 September. " In the Kadur District, Mysore, at about 2500 feet elevation, it has 

 been found common in August, October, and November, by Mr. Gr. H. Kearney " 

 (Butt. lud. 25). 



Mr. E. L. Arnold, in his work " On the Indian Hills," p. 194, describes its habits 

 as " water-loving." ..." Their favourite habit is to lazily flap their wings 

 while ascending to the tops of the trees, and then, keeping their wings spread out 

 to the full on either side, they let themselves come slowly sailing down in wide circles, 

 like large white blossoms, until just at the surface of the water, when they flutter 

 over their own bright reflection for a moment, and again rise up to the tree-tops." 



HESTIA KANARENSIS (Plate 2, Fig. 2, 2a, $, ?). 

 Hestia maldbarka (pars), Maisbiill and De Niceville, Butt, of India, &c., i. p. -26 (1882). 

 Imago. — Male and female. Wings semi-transparent bluish-white. Upper and 



