EUPLCEIN.3^. 33 



Beyond our limits, this species is recorded from Cambodia, Foochow, S. China, 

 Hong-Kong, Formosa, and Hainan. 



Paeasites op T. Limniace. — Mr. S. N. Ward, in his Malabar Entom. MS. notes, 

 writes, " Several chrjsalids of E. Limniace which were brought to me the other day 

 adhering to the rough leaf with which the carpenters here polish their finer work, 

 have produced little parasites with yellow legs, the thighs of the hinder pair very 

 long, curved, and shiny, shaped something like the foreleg of the Mantis, the 

 thorax raised and scaly. They are continually turning their long hindlegs over their 

 back and sometimes down the back of the thorax and wings. The spot-underwing 

 (balancer) yellow. The same insect attacks the chi'ysalis of Fieris Epiclmris. 

 Another kind of parasite is a red-headed fly, in shape something like the house-fly, 

 but larger, I have found in the larvEe of different kinds of Euplcea." 



TIRUMALA GAUTAMOIDES (Plate 6, fig. 2, 2a, (J ? ). 

 Banais (Tirumala) Gautamoidcs, Dolierty, Journ. Asiat. Soo. Beng. 1886, p. 257. 



Imago. — Male and female. Smaller in size and of blacker colour than T. Gautama; 

 the semihyaline markings broader and shorter, and of a bluish-white tint. On the 

 forewing the discoidal streak from the base of the cell is bifid, as in T. Gautama, but 

 the upper branch is the shortest and is remote from the mark at the end of the cell, 

 the latter mark being shaped somewhat as in T. septentrionis, but less oblique, and 

 in the male the latter is joined to the lower branch. On the hiudwing the cell mark 

 is usually cleft into three parts by slender black lines. Underside also blacker than 

 T. Gautama, the colour being of a uniform tint throughout both wings. 



Expanse, 2f to 3 inches. 



Habitat. — Southern Nicobars. 



DisTEiBUTioN. — For the discovery of this butterfly we are indebted to Mr. W. Do- 

 herty, who states (Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. 1886, 257) that " it is apparently an insular 

 representative of T. Gautama; somewhat transitional to T.. Limniace. It is common 

 in the Southern Nicobars, on the Great and Little Nicobar, and Kondul. It seems 

 to be mimicked by Badena nicobarlca, which I have often taken in company with it." 



TIRUMALA GAUTAMA (Plate 7, fig. 1, la, ^ ? ). 

 Danais Gautama, Moore, Annals and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1877, p. 43. 

 Tirumala Gautama, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lend. 1883, p. 231, pi. 31, fig. 3. 



Danais {Tirumala) Gautama, Marshall and De NiceviUe, Butt, of India, &c., i. p. 45 (1882). Adamson, 



Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 1S82, p. 142. 



Imago. — Brownish-black, with bluish-white markings. Forewing with two long 



streaks from base of the cell, and three short streaks at its end, the upper one of the 



latter being broken and partly joined to the upper basal streak ; a series of five 



narrow subapical streaks beyond end of the cell, seven discal spots, two lengthened 



VOL. I. F 



