EUPLCEIN.E, . 15 



Epycides in the N.W. Himalayas." (Swinlioe, J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, 1887, 

 171.) 



Divisions of Subfamily. — The subfamily EuploeicEe is divisible into three well- 

 marked and characterized groups. The first is peculiar to the Western Hemisphere 

 and comprise the American " Danaoid Heliconidge " of Bates, for the study of which 

 we refer our readers to his memoir on that group, published in the Transactions of 

 the Linnean Society of London, 1862, pp. 495 — 566. The other two groups 

 " Limnaina," and " Euploeina," belong to the Eastern Hemisphere. 



Of one of the genera of Limnaina, namely Anosia (and of which the well-known 

 A. plexippus is the type) all the species are American, the genus strictly belonging 

 to the Old World division of this subfamily. It may be conveniently noted here, 

 that certain species of the genus Eamadryas (of which six or more are described as 

 inhabiting various Eastern islands of the Malay Archipelago, Australia and New 

 Zealand) belonging to the second group, Euploeina, are mimicked in New Zealand, 

 Australia and in the Malay Islands by species of the genus Neptis, and it is curious 

 that Neptis Sliepherdi, an Australian species, with N. Cerne, N. heliodora, and N. 

 latifasciata, approach considerably in form and pattern of markings to the South 

 American Heliconid Tithorea honplandii. This resemblance of the Atistralian Neptis 

 to the South American Tithorea is an interesting fact, inasmuch, as Hamadrtjas is an 

 isolated Asiatic genus having no Eastern closely allied forms, and that it has a great 

 resemblance to some forms of South American Ithomias, viz. the genus Leiicothijris, 



&G. 



Key to the Asiatic groups of Euplceinj), based on the sexual marks. 

 Sexual marks, or patches of scent-producing scales, in male. 



A. "When present, situated on the hindwing Limnaina. 



B. "When present, situated on the forewing, or on both the fore and hindwing . . EuPLffiiSA. 



GROUP LIMNAINA. 



Limnaina, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1883, p. 214. 



Imago. — Males, in addition to the abdomen being furnished with extensible 

 odoriferous anal tufts of hairs, most genera possess one or more pouches concealing 

 scent-producing scales or " androconia," on the upper side of the hindwing. Hind- 

 wing also mostly with a more or less defined precostal cell. Claws with, or without, 

 paronychia and pulvilli. 



Adult Caterpillar with two, or more, pairs of subdorsal long slender fleshy 

 processes. 



Key to the Indian genera o/ Limnaina, based on the presence and position of the sexual mark. 

 A. No sexual mark or patch of scent-producing scales, in male. 



a. "Wings large, elongated, diaphanous-white, spotted with black .... Hestia. 



b. "Wings of moderate size, black, with bluish-white spots and streaks . . . Kadesa. 



