10 LEPIDOPTFAIA INDICA. 



with a pair of short spurs ; claws wantiug ; on the other legs the claws are very 

 large and long, not falciform, and both with or without paronychia and pulvilli. 

 Abdomen long, rather slender. Anal segment of the male prolonged at the sides so as 

 to resemble clasps, and to protect an extensible pencil or pencils of long hairs, each 

 pencil being enclosed in a sheath ; upper organ of appendages without lateral ai*ms, 

 small, the hook about as long as the centrum ; clasps variable. 



" Egg. — Stout, truncate-fusiform, bluntly pointed at the tip, with a great many 

 longitudinal ribs and numerous distinct, ti'ansverse, raised lines. Laid singly, or 

 sometimes (in Mechanitis teste Miiller) in small clusters. 



" Cateepillae at Birth. — Head not larger than the thoracic segments and smooth. 

 Body cylindrical, not tapering, furnished with short tapering hairs, usually not so 

 long as the segments, arising from minute papillae, arranged on either side of the 

 body in four longitudinal rows above the spiracles, besides, on tlie abdominal 

 segments, two rows below the spiracles. 



" Adult Catkepillae. — Head small, well rounded, nowhere protuberant, smooth, 

 broadly and vertically banded. Body large, plump, cylindrical, tapering anteriorly 

 on the thoracic segments, banded conspicuously with numerous alternating transverse 

 gaily-coloured stripes ; naked, or a few of the segments bearing erect, slender, jleshy, 

 laterodorsal filaments of greater or lesser length. 



" Chrysalis. — Generally short and very stout, rounded, with very few ]3rojections ; 

 tapering very rapidly over the whole or posterior part of the abdomen to the long 

 and slender cremaster; head scarcely produced in front, the anterior curve of the 

 body very high, the thorax and abdomen separated by a slight and broad hollowing ; 

 appendages of the head and thorax not raised in the slightest above the general 

 curve of the body." (Scudder, I. c. p. 703.) 



AccESSAET Sexual Pecdliaeities in the Imago. — The butterflies of the subfamily 

 EuploeinEe are not only remarkable for the possession by both sexes of a pungent odour 

 pervading the juices of their bodies, and to which they owe the freedom of existence 

 that they enjoy from the attacks of insectivorous birds and reptiles, but in addition 

 to this common protective odour, the males in most genera are furnished with a pair 

 (in Hestia with two pairs) of extensible sac-like fingers bristling with hairs, which 

 are protruded from beneath the anal segment and from which an odour is emitted, 

 said by Dr. Fritz Miiller, in the case of the American Anosia plexijjjnis to be rather dis- 

 agreeable when the processes were fully extended, and by Mr. De Niceville (J. A. S. 

 Beng, 1885, 41) in the case of two Indian species, G. Gore and P. Kollari, who says, 

 " Both species have a very strong but not actually disagreeable odour. The males of 

 both species may often be observed patrolling a small aei'ial space with the end of the 

 abdomen curled under the body towards the thorax, and with the two beautiful yellow 

 anal tufts of long hair distended to their fullest extent at right angles to the body. It 



