60 LEPIDOPTERA INDICA. 



Habitat. — Borneo. On tlie Island of Nias ofi the west coast of Sumatra, 

 specimens of P. Eryx have been taken, which are even darker in colour and have less 

 distinct markings, than those from Borneo. 



Genus CADUGA. 



Caduga, Moore, Proc. Zool. Sec. Lend. 1882, p. 235 ; id. 1883, p. 249. 

 Banais (section A. part), Distant, Ehopalocera Malayana, p. 14 (1882). 

 Danais {Chittira, section A. part), Marshall and De Niceville, Butt, of India, &c., I. p, 42 (1882). 



Imago.' — Foreiuing elongated, narrow, triangular, apex subfalcate ; first sub- 

 costal branch emitted at one-fifth before end of the cell, free ; second branch from 

 end of the cell ; the cell long and narrow ; upper discocellular bent below lower 

 radial and producing a short spur from the angle within the cell, lower discocellular 

 slender at its upper end. Hindioing elongated anteriorly, outer margin very convex, 

 the costa straight ; costal vein long, slightly curved and extending along the margin ; 

 cell long and narrow. Male with two spatular-shaped patches of scent-scales, the 

 largest on the suhmedian vein, the other on the internal vein, both situated near their 

 end ; each patch traversed by a lengthened dilatation or swelling of the vein, also a 

 similar contiguous spatular-shaped patch of scales on the lower median veinlet on the 

 upperside and underside of the wing, but which is not accompanied by a traversing 

 dilatation of the vein ; on the underside of the wing, from these patches, project 

 numerous short raised pure white scales and longer slender white filaments. Antennce 

 with a regularly-formed clavate tip ; apical joint of palpi large, stout, pointed. 



Type.—G. Tytia. 



CADUGA MELANETJS (Plate 14, fig. 2, 2a, h, S ?)• 



Papilio melaneus, Cramer, Pap. Exot. i. pi. 30, fig. D (1775). 



Danais melaneus, Godart, Encyel. Meth. ix. p. 192 (1819). Doubleday and Hewitson, Dium. Lep. 



p. 93 (1847). Butler, P. Z. S. 1866, p. 55 ; id. Trans. Linn. Sec. Zool. (1876-9), p. 536. 

 Banais melaneus (part), Distant, Ehopalocera Malayana, p. 14 (1882). 

 Banais (Chittira) melaneus, Marshall and De Niceville, Bntt. of India, &c., p. 43, pi. 5, fig. 5, (J ? 



(1882). 

 Hestia EpJujre, Hiibner, Verz. hek. Schmett, p. 15 (1816). 



Imago.— Male, Upperside : Foreiving dark black, with greyish-white markings 

 disposed the same as those in C. tytia, and of the same shape, except that on the 

 forewing, the spot below the subapical elongated streak is smaller and oval in form, 

 and the four discal spots are less quadrate, smaller, and wider separated. Hindwing 

 dark purplish-brown, the greyish-white cell area is not traversed by a bifid line (as 

 is always the case on this wing in G. tytia), there is a contiguous small spot outside 

 each of the two lower discal spots, and the submarginal and smaller marginal white 

 spots are apparent in both sexes. Male with tivo similar blackish spatular-shaped 

 'patches of scent-scales. Female similar above, the underside being of a brighter 



