62 LEPIDOPTERA INDICA. 



large quadrate discal spots — wliich, in some rare instances, each pair are partially 

 and sometimes entirely coalesced, a broad elongated interspace below the cell, a 

 narrow basal streak below the submedian vein, a submarginal regular series of seven 

 small rounded spots, and a marginal lower series of smaller spots disposed in pairs 

 between the veins. Hindidng dark chestnut red, the veins being blackish at the 

 base, and sometimes at their end ; with bluish-white semihyaliue cell-interspace 

 which is traversed by a more or less defined red bifid line ; a short narrow subcostal 

 streak, short discal spots, narrow inner marginal streaks, two, or three small sub- 

 marginal spots below the apex, and faint traces of lower submarginal and a marginal 

 series of smaller spots. Male with tivo hroionish blade spatular-shaped patches of 

 scent-scales near anal angle, the largest being on the submedian, the other on the 

 internal vein, both near their end, each vein being dilated in crossing the patch, a 

 similar shaped brown-black adjacent patch also disposed on each side of the lower 

 median vein, but not accompanied with the corresponding dilatation. Underside 

 marked as above ; the apex of forewing being more or less red ; the hindwing brighter 

 red, "with the submarginal and marginal row of spots well defined ; areas of the sexual 

 marks jet-black, and from which project numerous pure white raised scales and 

 longer slender white filaments. Head, thorax, and legs black, with white spots, a 

 dorsal streak ; edges of tegula, palpi in front and at the side, and femora beneath, 

 white ; abdomen red, with white segmental bands beneath. 



Pemale similar to male, except that the submarginal and marginal spots on the 

 upperside of the hindwing are more apparent, and the sexual marks absent. 



Expanse, 3J to 4J inches. 



Habitat. — Himalayas, Assam, Upper and Lower Burma. 



Habits op Imago. — According to Col. Lang's observations in the N.-W. Hima- 

 layas, this is " a forest-loving butterfly, affecting wooded glens at high altitudes, its 

 flight being high and soaring." Mr. A. G. Young records it (Butt. Ind. i. 43) as 

 " strong on the wing, and a fair flier, affecting the long pendant flowers of the hill 

 toon {Cedrela serrata), in Kulu ; and having there four broods, the first appearing 

 in April at the lower altitudes, the second in June at about 6000 feet elevation, the 

 third brood in August and the first week in September, and the fourth, which is the 

 smallest in numbers, appearing late in October." In the Kangra Valley, the Rev. 

 J. H. Hocking records it (P. Z. S. 1882, 235) to be " double-brooded— March and 

 July; flying up to about 50 feet from the ground, and sailing along motionless, 

 then sweeping down, but not very rapidly." 



Distribution within Indian Area. — Found throughout the Himalayas from 

 Kashmir to Sikkim and Bhotan. Capt. E. B. Reed obtained it in Kashmir, and 

 found it very common in 1872 at Kasauli, and also at Subathu. At Simla and 

 Masuri, Capt. Hellard obtained it " in July, August, and September, and at Pangi, 



