254 LEPIDOPTERA INDICA. 



straight ; costal, median, and submedian vein slightly swollen ; cell broad across the 

 middle ; discocellulars bent close to upper end and at one-third, lower excurved, 

 radials from the angles ; median veinlets equidistant and wide apart. Hindwing 

 short; costa convex, exterior margin sinuous and bluntly tailed at end of upper 

 median, abdominal margin long ; cell rather short and broad ; discocellulars oblique, 

 rounded in the middle ; two upper medians from end of the cell. Body rather stout ; 

 eyes densely clothed with short very fine hairs ; antennse with an elongated slender 

 club. 



Adult Caterpillae. — Fusiform ; head conical, the vertex pointed and projected 

 forward, anal segment acutely pointed and projected hindward. 



Cheysalis. — Suspended by the tail ; broad, and truncated anteriorly, abdominal 

 segments dorsally convex, head and vertex both pointed. 



Type. — L. Europa. 



LETHE EUROPA (Plate 82, figs. 1, la,c? ? ). 



Papilio Europa, PaMcius, Syst. Ent, p. 500, (1775) ; Ent. Syst. iii. i. p. 76 (1793). 



Oreas Marmorea Europa, Hiibner, Samml. Exot. Schmett. Band i. pi. 90, fig. 1-4 (1805). 



Lethe Europa, Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 56 (1816). Butler, Catal. Satyr. Brit. Mus. p. 114 



(1868) ; Catal. Fabr. Lep. B. M. p. 29 (1869). Distant, Ehop. Malay, p. 43, pi. 5, fig. 5, 6, ^ ? 



(1882). Marshall and de Niceville, Butt, of India, etc. i. p. 149 (1883). Staudinger, Exot. Scbmett. 



p. 221, pi. 78, ? (1887). 

 Satyrus Europa, Godart, Ency. Mcth. ix. p. 478 (1819). 

 Debts Europa, Westwood, Gen. D. Lep. p. 359 (1851). 

 Pa2nlio Beroe, Cramer, Pap. Exot. i. pi. 79, fig. C. D. (1779), ? . 



Imago. — Male. Upperside olivescent ochreous-brown ; marginal line slender, 

 blackish, and narrowly bordered with pale ochreous broadly interrupted with dusky- 

 black ; cilia alternated with pale ochreous. Foreivmg with the transverse subbasal 

 line, the oblique discal band, and the ocelli of the underside more or less apparent ; 

 two more clearly defined superposed apical whitish spots. Hindwing with a series 

 of more or less obsolescent dusky-black submarginal spots, the subapical spot 

 coalescing with the dusky margin. Underside much darker olivescent ochreous- 

 brown ; crossed by a prominent violet-white subbasal narrow band on both wings. 

 Foreioing with a broad short oblique discal band, which is violet- white anteriorly and 

 ochreous posteriorly, and terminates at the middle of the incurved series of six pale 

 violet blind ocelli, each of which has a small irregular-shaped pale-bordered blackish 

 centre, and all encompassed within a violet- white outer bordering line ; apex of wing 

 with a small violet patch ; marginal line ochreous bordered. Hindwing with an 

 acutely sinuous angulated discal line, contiguous to which are six large longitudin- 

 ally-narrow, confluent, dark ochreous ocelli, the lowest being duplex, each having a 



