262 xcn. sckophulariace^: (hemsley and skan). 



approximated in pairs ; cells similar or one smaller or sometimes larger 

 and horn-like and sterile or nearly sterile ; connective sometimes 

 2-branched, each branch bearing a fertile cell or one branch with a 

 fertile cell and the other with a disc-shaped appendage. Disc hypo- 

 gynous, annular or unilateral, entire or rarely many-toothed, more or 

 less prominent or in some genera obsolete. Ovary superior, sessile, 

 entire, 2- (rarely 3- or very rarely 1-) celled ; placentas central, adnate 

 to the septum ; style simple, entire or shortly 2-lobed at the apex, 

 stigmatose at the clavate, narrow or capitate apex, or on the inside or 

 margins of the lobes. Ovules numerous or several in each cell, rarely 

 few, anatropous or amphitropous. Fruit superior, usually capsular,, 

 septicidal or loculicidal (sometimes both), or dehiscing by pores at the- 

 apex, rarely baccate and indehiscent. Seeds numerous, several or 

 rarely few, sessile or nearly so ; hilum basilar or lateral ; f unicle short, 

 small or dilated ; testa sometimes membranous and aclpressed, pitted, 

 reticulate, scrobiculate, many-ribbed or rarely smooth, sometimes 

 loosely-celled and hyaline ; nucellus covered by a thin integument \ 

 albumen fleshy, rarely thin or quite disappearing; embryo usually 

 straight and scarcely shorter than the albumen ; radicle turned towards 

 the hilum. — Annual or perennial herbs, undershrubs or shrubs, rarely 

 trees, glabrous, variously pubescent, or glandular-viscose. Leaves 

 opposite (especially the lower), alternate or verticillate, entire, toothed 

 or variously lobed or dissected ; stipules 0. Flowers axillary or in 

 terminal racemes, spikes, heads or panicles, racemosely or cymosely 

 arranged ; pedicels ebracteolate or in some genera 2-bracteolate. 



Genera about 200 ; species about 2200, cosmopolitan, but most abundant m 

 temperate regions. 



Cycloc7ieilon, Oliver in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 222, belongs to the Yerbenacem. 



Zenkerina, Engl, in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 497, t. 10, figs. A-P, belongs to the 

 Acanthacece. Hallier f . in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2 me ser. iii., 202, refers it to Stauro- 

 gyne, but Mr. C. B. Clarke, who has examined the pollen, regards it as a new 

 genus most nearly allied to Hemigraphis. 



mernia, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1880, 196 ; Engl. & Gilg in Baum, Kunene- 

 Samb. Exped. 363, t. 8, is included amongst the Acanthacece in this work. 



Tribe I. Aptosimese. — Leaves all alternate or very rarely opposite. 

 Corolla-tube ividened into a long throat ; lobes o,jlat, subeqiial, spreading, the twa 

 upper outside in bud. Anthers 1-celled by confluence. Mowers solitary in the 

 axils of the leaves, the upper often racemose. 

 Stamens 4. 



Anthers of the upper stamens often empty; capsule 



obtuse or emarginate 1. Aptosimttm. 



Anthers of all the stamens equally perfect ; capsule 



acute 2. Peliostomum. 



Stamens 2, without staminodes 3. Antichakis. 



Tribe II. Verbasceae. — Leaves all alternate. Corolla rotate or shortly 

 campanulate ; tube very short, sometimes almost obsolete ; lobes 5, broad, the 2 

 vpper outside in bud. Anthers 1-celled by confluence. Flowers solitary or fasci- 

 culate, in terminal spikes or racemes. 



Stamens 5 4. Verbascum. 



Stamens 4 5- Celsia. 



