■170 XCIV. LENTIBULARIE.E (STAPF). [Utricularia. 



hibernacles) and the epiphytic sometimes from tubers. Terrestrial and 

 -epiphytic species : Primary axis developed, terminating with an inflores- 

 cence, producing at the base above the small primary leaves a rosette 

 of foliage-leaves (rarely a solitary foliage-leaf) and non-axillary stolons, 

 leaves and stolons showing no definite sequence and passing sometimes 

 into each other. Stolons growing with inrolled or straight tips, either- 

 developed as rhizoids (growing downwards into the substratum and 

 resembling roots) or creeping on or close to the surface of the substratum, 

 often among moss and dwarf herbage, more or less branching and pro- 

 ducing bladders, foliage-leaves and, from certain of their axils, flowering 

 or barren (and then much stunted) shoots with a more or less developed 

 basal tuft or rosette of leaves and stolons. Leaves petioled, normally 

 always entire, linear to orbicular or reniform, rarely peltate, often 

 decayed at the time of flowering, frequently producing bladders, stolons 

 or adventitious shoots. Aquatic species : Primary axis arrested (accord- 

 ing to Goebel), producing above or among the primary leaves one or 

 several stolons. Stolons floating in still water or creeping on mud, 

 rarely attached to stones and rocks in running water, often very long, 

 growing with inrolled tips, branching ; branches either all alike and 

 resembling the primary stolons, producing from the flanks alternate or 

 ■occasionally subopposite leaves and axillary or juxta-axillary inflores- 

 cences or brandies heteromorphic, some of them growing downwards 

 and producing only much reduced leaves and bladders. Leaves more or 

 less divided into filiform or capillary segments; primary segments of the 

 large-leaved species often imitating a whorl or half-whorl of pinnate 

 leaves (rays), pinna? more or less 2-seriate on the sometimes broadened 

 midrib, usually forked at the base, each division again divided, 1-2 outer 

 rays sometimes replaced by a hyaline cordate or reniform or more or 

 less divided auricle, resembling a stipule ; all or certain leaves or the 

 leaves of certain branches producing bladders, usually in the place of 

 leaf-segments. Bladders globose to ovoid, stalked, with an oblicpue sub- 

 terminal or subbasal mouth, closed by a membranous flexible valve and 

 -a turned-in thickening (chin) of the lower rim, sometimes produced into 

 an upper or an upper and lower lip, ciliate, fimbriate or furnished with 

 .stouter, variously shaped processes (tentacles). Inflorescences racemose, 

 bracteate, peduncled, those of certain aquatic species held above water 

 by a whorl of modified spongy leaves (floats); lower bracts often barren, 

 adpressed ; bracteoles 2, at the base of the pedicel, or 0. 



Over 100 specie?, mainly in the tropics of both hemispheres. 



The morphology of the vegetative parts of Utricularia is extremely complicated 

 on account of the great plasticity of the organs and their readiness fox- sprouting. A 

 very valuable account of those conditions was given by Dr. Goebel in Flora, 18S9, 

 291-297, and 1904, 98-126, in his " Morphologische mid biologische Studien," 

 No. V. (in Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. ix. 41) and in his " Organographie der 

 Pflanzen," 444, but these publications concern mostly non-African species. The 

 specimens at my disposal consisted of herbarium material and naturally left much to 

 be desired. In fact, a really satisfactory classification of this genus will only be 

 possible, when living or carefully collected and preserved spirit material is at 

 jSiand. 



